明崇祯年间的大同马市与北部边疆局势  

The Datong Horse Market and the Northern Borderland Situation during Chongzhen Period of the Ming Dynasty

作　　者：于默颖 Yu Moying

机构地区：[1]内蒙古自治区社会科学院历史研究所,呼和浩特市010010

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2024年第3期125-136,215,216,共14页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大招标项目“中国北方民族交往交流交融史研究”(22VLSO11);内蒙古自治区高校人文社会科学重点研究基地开放课题“明代北疆各民族交往交流交融研究”(KFSM—NDSK0303)白的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：崇祯年间,围绕大同杀胡堡马市,土默特、喀尔喀、后金和明朝之间形成复杂的关系。土默特已经归附后金,但仍有隔阂,后金不得不加以笼络从而巩固统治。土默特与喀尔喀关系最为亲近,双方既有以马换取银货的共同诉求,也有卖马利益分割上的矛盾。漠北喀尔喀作为明、后金之外的一大势力,成为后金一边争取、一边打压的对象,为争夺战马资源,后金极力阻止其卖马给明朝。明朝利用开设马市,获得战马资源的同时,积极拉拢土默特、喀尔喀以抗御后金。从明朝与周边几大部族围绕大同马市的斡旋可以窥见明清鼎革之际北部边疆呈现的复杂历史面相。During the reign of Emperor Chongzhen,complex relations formed among.the Tumed,Khalkha,the Later Jin Dynasty,and the Ming Dynasty centering on the Shahu Fort Horse Market.Although Tumed tribe had already submitted to the Later Jin Dynasty,there were still estrangement and contradictions between them,which forced the Later Jin Dynasty to curry favor with Tumed tribe in order to consolidate its rule.The Tumed and Khalkha tribes had the closest relationship,with both sides sharing the common aspiration of exchanging horses with Ming for silver and goods,as well as conflicts over the division of horse-selling interests.As a major force outside of the Ming and Later Jin,the northern Khalkha became an object of both courting and suppression by the Later Jin Dynasty.In order to compete for warhorse resources,the Later Jin tried to prevent Khalkha from selling horses to the Ming Dynasty.By opening the horse market,the Ming Dynasty obtained warhorse resources while actively uniting the Tumed and Khalkha Mongols to resist the Later Jin.From the mediation between the Ming Dynasty and several major surrounding tribes centering on the Datong Horse Market,we can see the complex historical landscape of the northern borderland。

关 键 词：明朝 杀胡堡 马市 后金 蒙古 

分 类 号：K248.3[历史地理—历史学]