朝向高等级证据:中国儿童早期发展领域的知识演进及贡献  

Towards High-level Evidence:The Evolution and Contribution of Knowledge in Early Childhood Development in China

作　　者：史耀疆 宋倩楠 张馨月 高源 梁世斌 张亚丽 岳爱 Shi Yaojiang;Song Qiannan;Zhang Xinyue;Gao Yuan;Liang Shibin;Zhang Yali;Yue Ai(Center for Experimental Economics in Education,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi’an 710119,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学教育实验经济研究所,西安710119

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（教育科学版）》2024年第11期74-94,共21页Journal of East China Normal University:Educational Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目(22BGL212);国家自然科学基金重点项目(71933003);111引智基地(B16031);陕西省科技厅自然科学基础研究重点项目(2024JC-ZDXM-05);陕西省研究生教育综合改革与实践项目(YJSZG2023051);陕西省高校青年创新团队建设项目;现代教学技术教育部重点实验室项目。

摘　　要：投资儿童早期发展已成为全球共识。我国早在20世纪初期就开始重视0—3岁儿童早期发展,该领域的发展经历了萌芽、奠基、扩展、制度化以及调整与创新五个阶段。自2010年以来,我国借鉴国际有效经验,开展了多种策略的探索与实践,提供了一些实践证据来推动儿童早期发展领域的进步。项目团队从2012年开始着眼于影响儿童早期发展的两个关键因素——营养和养育,在我国农村地区对5000名0—3岁婴幼儿及其家庭进行不同类型和模式的随机干预实验研究。通过梳理儿童早期发展领域的知识发现过程,评估相关研究对儿童和家庭的影响,可总结出由不同主体实施的营养干预和养育干预的模式与操作方案,并形成具体的操作手册。这些基于高等级证据的实证研究不仅为我国的儿童早期发展模式提供了高质量的证据,也为国际社会探索和总结儿童早期发展模式提供了重要的参考方案。建议我国制定并推广全国性儿童早期发展干预计划,确保不同地域和经济背景的家庭获得适宜的营养和养育干预支持。同时,建议加强跨部门协作与资源整合,共同推动儿童早期发展事业。Investing in early childhood development(ECD)has become a global priority.China recognized the significance of ECD for children aged 0-3 as early as the early 20th century.The evolution of ECD in China has pro-gressed through five key stages:emergence,foundation,expansion,institutionalization,adjustment and innovation.Since 2010,China has actively integrated international best experiences,exploring and implementing various strategies to generate practical evidence that advances the field of ECD.Beginning in 2012,research teams have con-centrated on two critical factors influencing ECD—nutrition and parenting—by conducting randomized controlled trials(RCTs)involving 5,000 children aged 0-3 and their families in rural China.These studies have mapped the knowledge discovery process in the ECD field,evaluated the impact on children and families,and developed com-prehensive models and operational plans for nutrition and parenting interventions executed by diverse stakeholders.These efforts culminated in the creation of detailed operational manuals.The evidence generated from these empiric-al studies not only provides robust support for China's ECD models but also serves as a valuable resource for the global community in exploring and refining ECD approaches.It is recommended that China develop and implement a nationwide ECD intervention plan to ensure that families across various regions and socioeconomic backgrounds have access to appropriate nutrition and parenting support.Furthermore,enhancing cross-sector collaboration and re-source integration is essential for advancing the ECD agenda collectively.

关 键 词：儿童早期发展 知识演进 知识贡献 中国高等级证据 

分 类 号：G353.1[文化科学—情报学] G619.2[经济管理] C913.5[社会学]