氨基酸肥与尿素配施对辣椒土壤有机氮组分与酶活性的影响  

Effects of Amino Acid Fertilizer Combined With Urea on Nitrogen Components and Enzyme Activities of Pepper Soil

作　　者：候国文 韩国君[1] 臧龙飞 杨晓兵 王军霞 龚晨琛 HOU Guowen;HAN Guojun;ZANG Longfei;YANG Xiaobing;WANG Junxia;GONG Chenchen(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou,Gansu 730070)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,甘肃兰州730070

出　　处：《北方园艺》2024年第19期73-80,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31960631)。

摘　　要：以制干辣椒为试材,采用田间氨基酸肥与尿素配施试验,在相同施氮量下设置7个施肥处理,分别为不施肥(CK)、单施尿素(M0)、20%氨基酸肥+80%尿素(M20)、40%氨基酸肥+60%尿素(M40)、60%氨基酸肥+40%尿素(M60)、80%氨基酸肥+20%尿素(M80)、100%氨基酸肥(M100),测定辣椒收获期0~20、20~40 cm土层中有机氮组分的含量,以及土壤蛋白酶、脲酶、硝酸还原酶和亚硝酸还原酶活性,研究氨基酸肥与尿素配施对土壤有机氮组分及土壤氮素相关酶活性的影响,并分析有机氮组分与土壤酶活性的相关性,以期为辣椒生产中合理施用氨基酸肥提供参考依据。结果表明:配施氨基酸肥能显著提高土壤有机氮组分含量,其中酸解铵态氮>氨基酸态氮>酸解未知态氮>未酸解氮>氨基糖态氮。当施用氨基酸肥比例增加时,同一土层的总氮、氨基酸态氮、铵态氮、未知态氮含量以及脲酶、蛋白酶和硝酸还原酶的活性均为先上升后下降。在有机氮组分中,除氨基糖态氮和未酸解氮外,其他处理在M20时达最大;土壤酶活性中,除蛋白酶M20处理最大外,其他处理在M60达最大。相关性分析表眀,酸解总氮与全氮含量呈显著正相关,而酸解总氮与未酸解氮含量呈显著负相关,氨基糖态氮、酸解未知态氮和全氮含量与4种酶活性均呈显著正相关。综上所述,M20处理土壤供氮潜力最高,能够有效提高辣椒氮肥利用效率。Taking dried pepper as the test material,the combined application of amino acid fertilizer and urea in the field was used.Under the same nitrogen application,seven fertilization treatments were set,no fertilizer(CK),single urea(M0),20%amino acid fertilizer+80%urea(M20),40%amino acid fertilizer+60% urea(M40),60%amino acid fertilizer+40% urea(M60),80% amino acid fertilizer+20%urea(M80),100%amino acid fertilizer(M100).The contents of organic nitrogen components in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers at the harvest stage of pepper and soil protease,urease,nitrate reductase and nitrite reductase activity were determined.The effects of combined application of amino acid fertilizer and urea on soil organic nitrogen components and soil nitrogen-related enzyme activities were studied,and the correlation between organic nitrogen components and soil enzyme activities was analyzed,in order to provide reference for the application of amino acid fertilizer in pepper production.The results showed that combined application of amino acid fertilizer significantly increased the content of soil organic nitrogen components,with the order of ammonium nitrogen>amino acid nitrogen>hydrolysable unknown nitrogen>unhydrolyzable nitrogen>amino sugar nitrogen.When the amount of amino acid fertilizer application increased,the total nitrogen,amino acid nitrogen,ammonium nitrogen,unknown nitrogen,urease,protease,and nitrate reductase activities in the same soil layer would first increase and then decrease.Among the organic nitrogen components,except for amino sugar nitrogen and unhydrolyzable nitrogen,the highest values were observed in treatment M20;among the soil enzyme activities,except for the maximum protease activity in treatment M20,the other treatments reached maximum values at M60.The correlation analysis showed that the content hydrolyzed total nitrogen was significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen,and significantly negatively correlated with unhydrolyzable nitrogen.Amino sugar nitrogen,hydrolyzed unknown nitrogen,and total

关 键 词：氨基酸肥 水溶肥 有机氮组分 酶活性 

分 类 号：S614.3[农业科学—园艺学]