协调内外:万历朝鲜战争时期山东地方的政务应对  

Coordinate Inside and Outside:The Local Government Affairs Response in Shandong during the Imjin War

作　　者：林慧 Lin Hui

机构地区：[1]南开大学历史学院

出　　处：《历史教学（下半月）》2024年第9期54-62,共9页History Teaching

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“《明实录》整理与研究”(项目编号:13&ZD090)阶段性成果之一。

摘　　要：明朝万历朝鲜战争前后,山东地区作为拱卫京师的屏障和支援朝鲜王朝的后方,被神宗赋予了重要任务。战争期间的六任山东巡抚,一方面履行着处理山东地方事务的本职,一方面又要承担为支援朝鲜运输粮饷的责任。针对向朝鲜海运粮饷的问题,虽然海船难造、粮草难集,整个过程充满曲折,但在巡抚官员的调控下,山东的粮草仍然为战争的胜利发挥了关键性作用。同时,战争带来的北部沿海国防威胁,也令山东巡抚加快了请求班军回戍本省的进程,并开始积极筹备军事防御工作。另外,万历朝鲜战争的爆发,促使山东巡抚更重视本地民生。山东巡抚请求朝廷将预备援朝所用的粮饷用以赈灾,以及开垦荒地的屯田政策,皆反映了山东地方政府在政务应对时的“重内轻外”倾向。Before and after the Imjin War in the Ming Dynasty,Shandong,as the barrier of the capital and the rear of the Joseon Dynasty,was given an important task by the Shenzong.During the war,the six governors of Shandong,on the one hand,performed their duties to handle the local affairs of Shandong,on the other hand,to assume the responsibility of transporting food and pay to support the Joseon Dy-nasty,which can be said to be both internal and external.In view of the problem of shipping grain and rates to the Joseon Dynasty,although it was difficult to build ships and gather grain and grass,the whole process was full of twists and turns,but under the control of the governor,Shandong grain and grass still played a key role in the victory of the war.At the same time,the threat of national defense in the north-ern coast brought by the war also made the governor of Shandong accelerate the process of requesting the troops to return to the province,and began to actively prepare for the military defense work.In addi-tion,the outbreak of Imjin War prompted the governor of Shandong to pay more attention to the local people's livelihood.The governor asked the central government to relieve the food and pay used to aid the Joseon Dynasty,as well as the policy of cultivating wasteland,which all reflected the tendency of Shandong local government to"emphasize inside than outside"when dealing with government affairs.

关 键 词：明朝 山东巡抚 万历朝鲜战争 地方政务 

分 类 号：K248[历史地理—历史学]