单采血小板采集失败相关因素和干预措施  

Factors and Factors Associated with Interventions in Apheresis Platelet Collection Failure

作　　者：潘虹 PAN Hong(Department of Blood Station,Nanping City Central,Nanping 353000,China)

机构地区：[1]南平市中心血站,南平353000

出　　处：《中国医药指南》2024年第29期108-111,共4页Guide of China Medicine

摘　　要：目的分析单采血小板采集失败相关因素和干预措施。方法采用回顾性研究方法,收集我站2021年5月至2023年5月内进行单采血小板的1890名健康献血者作为对照组,收集相关资料,对采集后血小板数据、采集失败的原因进行分析,根据分析结果制订相应的干预措施,选择干预后我站2023年6月至2024年4月内进行单采血小板的872名健康献血者为试验组,记录采集失败情况。结果单采血小板采集失败的因素分别为献血者血管脆性大或血管偏细等血管因素、乳糜血、血小板冲红、献血反应、机器故障或耗材质量问题、操作不当及其他因素;乳糜血导致单采血小板采集失败者全为男性,献血反应导致单采血小板采集失败女性数较多。单采血小板采集失败原因与性别构成中,血管因素女性高于男性,血小板冲红女性高于男性,机器故障或耗材质量问题男性高于女性,其他因素女性高于男性。干预后试验组采集失败人数低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论针对导致单采血小板失败占比较高的血管因素、乳糜血、血小板冲红、献血反应等制订相应的预防和应对措施,可以有效提升采集成功率,从而提升血小板采集效率,避免对血液资源的浪费,降低血液采集成本。Objective Analyze the factors and intervention measures related to the failure of single platelet collection.Methods A retrospective study was conducted to collect 1890 healthy blood donors who underwent single platelet collection at our station from May 2021 to May 2023 as the control group.Relevant data was collected,and platelet data and the reasons for collection failure were analyzed.Based on the analysis results,corresponding intervention measures were formulated.872 healthy blood donors who underwent single platelet collection at our station from June 2023 to April 2024 after intervention were selected as the experimental group,and the collection failure was recorded.Results 15 cases of failed single platelet collection were due to vascular factors such as fragility or thinness of blood vessels,9 cases were due to chyle blood,8 cases were due to plateletflushing,6 cases were due to blood donation reactions,5 cases were due to machine malfunction or consumable quality issues,2 cases were due to improper operation,and 3 cases were due to other factors,Male platelet collection failure is mainly caused by chyle blood,while female platelet collection failure is mainly caused by blood donation reactions.All failures in platelet collection caused by chyle blood are male,and there are more female platelet collection failures caused by blood donation reactions.In terms of the reasons and gender composition for the failure of single platelet collection,vascular factors are higher in females than in males,plateletflushing is higher in females than in males,machine failure or consumable quality problems are higher in males than in females,and other factors are higher in females than in males.After intervention,the number of failed data collection in the experimental group was 11,significantly lower than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusions Developing corresponding prevention and response measures for vascular factors,chyle blood,plateletflushing,and blood

关 键 词：单采血小板 献血者 献血反应 干预措施 

分 类 号：R446.11[医药卫生—诊断学]