超高压蒸汽管道开裂失效分析与预防策略  

Failure analysis and preventive strategies for cracking of ultra-high pressure steam pipelines

作　　者：郑显伟 ZHENG Xianwei(Chemical Service Department of SINOPEC Corp.,Beijing 100728,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油化工股份有限公司化工事业部,北京100728

出　　处：《石油化工腐蚀与防护》2024年第5期43-47,共5页Corrosion & Protection In Petrochemical Industry

基　　金：中国石化集团公司科技开发项目(CHG23040)。

摘　　要：石油化工企业高压蒸汽管道多采用耐热低合金钢材料,由于长期在高温、高压条件下服役,其微观组织易发生珠光体球化及石墨化等现象,导致材料的力学性能降低,引发开裂泄漏事故。选择炼化企业四个超高压蒸汽管道开裂失效典型案例,开展服役条件、材质成分、力学性能及微观组织等方面的对比分析,探究管道的失效原因;从服役条件、日常检测与排查、预防策略等方面提出针对性措施,抑制低合金钢材料珠光体球化及石墨化现象,减少腐蚀泄漏问题的发生。为炼化企业超高压蒸汽管道的安全稳定运行提供参考。Heat-resistant low-alloy steel materials were often used in high pressure steam pipeline in petrochemical enterprise.Due to long-term service under high temperature and high pressure conditions,a series of microstructure evolution,such as pearlite spheroidization and graphitization took place,leading to a decrease in mechanical properties of the material and causing cracking and leakage accidents.Four typical cases of cracking and failure of ultra-high pressure steam pipelines in refining and chemical enterprises were selected to conduct comparative analysis in terms of service conditions,material composition,mechanical properties and microstructure.Specific measures were raised from the aspects of service conditions,daily inspection and investigation,prevention strategies,to avoid the problems of spheroidization and graphitization of low-alloy steel materials,reduce the occurrence of corrosion and leakage,and provide reference for the safe and stable operation of ultra-high pressure steam pipelines in refining and chemical enterprises.

关 键 词：超高压蒸汽管道 低合金钢 珠光体球化 石墨化 预防策略 

分 类 号：TE65[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TQ055.81[化学工程]