换热器小浮头不锈钢螺柱断裂分析和建议  

Fracture analysis and suggestions on stainless steel bolts of small float head used for heat exchanger

作　　者：束润涛 郭武宾 束昱辰 周子杭 黄冲 鲁浩 SHU Runtao;GUO Wubin;SHU Yuchen;ZHOU Zihang;HUANG Chong;LU Hao(Wuhan Runzhida Petrochemical Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430223,China;SINOPEC Maoming Company,Maoming 525000,China;Hubei Changjiang Petrochemical Equipment Co.,Ltd.,Honghu 433226,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市润之达石化设备有限公司,湖北武汉430223 [2]中国石油化工股份有限公司茂名分公司,广东茂名525000 [3]湖北长江石化设备有限公司,湖北洪湖433226

出　　处：《石油化工腐蚀与防护》2024年第5期54-60,共7页Corrosion & Protection In Petrochemical Industry

摘　　要：某石化公司换热器小浮头湿硫化氢环境用S30408不锈钢螺柱,使用2年后大部分在螺杆中部断裂。成分分析发现螺柱材质不符合GB/T 1220—2007《不锈钢棒》标准要求,宏观检测发现螺柱表面有明显的坑状腐蚀痕迹。金相微观分析发现大量密集腐蚀麻坑,通过扫描电镜和能谱分析发现材料存在氧化性非金属夹杂物,晶界析出物已呈网状,说明螺柱材料存在严重的冶金缺陷。建议在湿硫化氢腐蚀环境中使用的紧固件采用耐硫化氢腐蚀的稀土钢09Cr2AlMoRE。The S30408 stainless steel bolts of small float head used in wet hydrogen sulfide environment for heat exchanger at a petrochemical company were mostly broken in the middle of the screw after 2 years of use.Composition analysis showed that the material of bolt did not meet the requirements of GB/T 1220—2007 Stainless Steel Bars.Obvious pitting corrosion marks were detected on the surface of the bolt through macroscopic inspection;meanwhile,a large number of dense corrosion pits were found by metallographic microscopic observation.Scanning electron microscopy and energy spectrum analysis revealed the presence of various oxidizing non-metallic inclusions in the material,and the precipitation at grain boundaries finally formed a network,indicating serious metallurgical defects in the bolt.In wet hydrogen sulfide corrosive environments,it was recommended to use fasteners made of 09Cr2AlMoRE steel,a specialized material for hydrogen sulfide resistance.

关 键 词：不锈钢 螺柱 夹杂物 晶间腐蚀 

分 类 号：TE65[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TQ050.9[化学工程]