固定高强度式与常规正金字塔式训练对击剑运动员上下肢力量的影响  

Influence of Fixed High-Intensity and Conventional Pyramid Training on Upper and Lower Limb Strength of Fencers

作　　者：肖隆浩 韩奇 张疆之[3] 李超 金子渊 XIAO Longhao;HAN Qi;ZHANG Jiangzhi;LI Chao;JIN Ziyuan(Science Training Service Department of National Olympic Sports Center,General Administration of Sport of China;Sports Nutrition Research Center,Institute of Sports Medicine,General Administration of Sport of China,Beijing,100029 China;Shandong Sport University,Jinan,Shandong Province,250101 China)

机构地区：[1]国家体育总局国家奥林匹克体育中心科学训练服务处 [2]国家体育总局运动医学研究所运动营养研究中心,北京100029 [3]山东体育学院,山东济南250101

出　　处：《当代体育科技》2024年第27期32-36,共5页Contemporary Sports Technology

摘　　要：目的:固定高强度式训练与常规正金字塔式训练是两种常用的发展力量素质的训练模式,该研究拟对比两种干预方式对击剑运动员力量素质的影响。方法:该研究对19名击剑运动员进行两次配对分组,在赛季的一般准备期,利用6周时间分别采用固定高强度与常规正金字塔式训练进行卧推与半蹲训练,除根据分组采用卧推半蹲两项训练模式外,其余抗阻训练均采用相同训练模式。6周训练后分别检测两种训练模式发展击剑运动员上肢与下肢力量的训练效果,并进行对比。结果:采用固定高强度训练模式进行卧推训练(A组)与半蹲训练(C组),以及采用常规正金字塔训练模式进行卧推训练(B组)与半蹲训练(D组)的成绩较实验前成绩均有所提高。对比A组与B组卧推成绩的增长率发现,B组实验后卧推成绩的增长比A组实验后卧推成绩的增长更加明显,对比C组与D组半蹲成绩的增长率发现,D组实验后半蹲成绩的增长比C组实验后半蹲成绩的增长更加明显。结论:4组训练干预后力量素质均有提高,常规正金字塔式训练模式比固定高强度式对击剑运动员卧推、半蹲力量的训练更为有效。Objective:Fixed high-intensity training and conventional pyramid training are two commonly used training modes to develop strength quality,this study intends to compare the effects of these two intervention methods on the strength quality of fencers.Methods:In this study,19 fencers were paired and grouped twice.In the general preparation period of the season,they were trained in bench press and half squat with fixed high intensity and regular forward pyramid respectively during 6 weeks.Except for bench press and half squat respectively according to the group assignment,the rest of the resistance training adopted the same training mode.After 6 weeks of training,the effects of the two training modes on the development of upper and lower limb strength of fencers were tested and compared.Results:The results of bench press training(Group A)and half squat training(group C)with fixed high-intensity training mode,and bench press training(group B)and half squat training(group D)with conventional normal pyramid training mode were improved compared with those before the experiment.Comparing the growth rate of bench press performance of group A and group B,it is found that the growth rate of bench press performance of group B after the experiment is more obvious than that of group A after the experiment;Comparing the growth rate of half squat performance of group C and group D,it is found that the growth rate of half squat performance of group D after the experiment is more obvious than that of group C after the experiment.Conclusion:The strength of the four groups is improved after the intervention,and the conventional normal pyramid training mode is more effective than the fixed high-intensity training for the bench press and half squat strength of the fencers.

关 键 词：固定高强度式 正金字塔式 击剑 力量训练 训练周期 准备期 

分 类 号：G885[文化科学—体育训练]