新进口替代战略:大国竞争视域下中国新型产业政策与治理  

New Import Substitution Strategy:China's New Industrial Policy and Governance in the Context of Great Power Competition

作　　者：王玉柱[1] WANG Yuzhu

机构地区：[1]上海国际问题研究院

出　　处：《国际经贸探索》2024年第9期105-118,共14页International Economics and Trade Research

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(23&ZD334)。

摘　　要：进口替代战略曾作为发展中国家的工业化政策选择,通常采取保护主义导向的市场策略,旨在解决外部市场冲击下的本国产业有效成长问题。区别于传统进口替代战略,新进口替代战略具有显著的大国竞争色彩。大国竞争导致的产业链阻断正迫使相关国家在特定领域进行产业自主化政策探索。中美产业战略竞争背景下,中国在半导体产业领域的大规模国产化尝试体现了新进口替代战略的若干特征。有别于传统进口替代战略的政策实施环境,中国超大规模市场优势、新型举国体制模式和市场行为主体的内生力基础等因素为新进口替代产业成长提供重要动力支撑。与此同时,有效产业成长需考虑到产业政策的发展局限,不断完善产业成长的治理机制和增强治理能力。The import substitution strategy which served as a policy choice for the industrialization of the developing countries usually adopts the protectionist-oriented market strategy,aiming at addressing the issue of the effective growth of domestic industries in the face of external market shocks.Distinguished from traditional import substitution strategy,the new import substitution strategy is significantly characterized by great power competition.The industrial chain disruption caused by great power competition is forcing the countries concerned to explore industrial autonomy policies in specific fields.In the context of the strategic competition between China and the United States,China's attempts at large-scale localization in the semiconductor industry reflect several characteristics of the new import substitution strategy.Different from the policy implementation environment of traditional import substitution strategy,China's advantages in its mega-size market,new system for mobilizing the resources nationwide and endogenous power foundation of market actors provide important driving support for the growth of the new import substitution industry.At the same time,the effective industrial growth needs to take the development limitations of industrial policies into account,continuously improve the governance mechanism for industrial growth and enhance the governance capacity.

关 键 词：新进口替代 产业政策 产业竞争 产业治理 

分 类 号：F114[经济管理—国际贸易] F742[经济管理—世界经济]