电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定重庆黔江区3种地产药材中5种元素及风险评估  

Determination of Five Elements in Three Native Chinese Medicinal Materials from Qianjiang District of Chongqing by ICP-MS and Risk Assessment

作　　者：赵光铃 王春林 田霞 代锐 余为 ZHAO Guangling;WANG Chunlin;TIAN Xia;DAI Rui;YU Wei(Chongqing Qianjiang Institute for Food and Drug Control,Chongqing,China 409000)

机构地区：[1]重庆市黔江食品药品检验所,重庆409000

出　　处：《中国药业》2024年第20期86-90,共5页China Pharmaceuticals

基　　金：重庆市黔江区科技计划项目[黔科计2021068]。

摘　　要：目的建立测定重庆黔江区地产药材青蒿、瓜蒌、黄精中铅(Pb)、砷(As)、汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、铜(Cu)含量的电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法,并评估其健康风险。方法采用微波消解法处理样品,采用ICP-MS法测定,功率为1500 W,检测器电压为-12 V,模拟电压为-1787 V,脉冲电压为1300 V,载气为高纯氩气(Ar),流速为18 L/min,辅助气为Ar,流速为1.0 L/min,雾化气为Ar,流速为0.96 L/min,测试模式动能歧视模式,碰撞气为氦气。以超标率、单因子污染指数、内梅罗综合污染指数评估污染程度;以每日最大可耐受摄入量、目标危害系数和总目标危害系数评估健康风险。结果Pb、As、Hg、Cd、Cu质量浓度分别在0~50 ng/mL、0~50 ng/mL、0~5 ng/mL、0~5 ng/mL、0~1000 ng/mL范围内与待测元素响应值/对应内标元素响应值的比值线性关系良好(r>0.999),检测限为0.00050~0.0070 mg/kg,定量限为0.0017~0.023 mg/kg;精密度、重复性试验结果的RSD均小于5.2%;3种药材的5种元素平均加样回收率为89.72%~108.22%,RSD为0.30%~3.91%(n=6)。青蒿超标的元素有Cu(70.45%)和Cd(25.00%),总超标率为72.73%,单因子污染指数评价为轻度污染,内梅罗综合污染指数评价为警戒线;黄精超标元素为Cd(11.11%),两种评价结果分别为优良、安全;瓜蒌超标元素为Hg(3.85%),两种评价结果分别为优良、安全。3种药材中5种重金属/有害元素的每日最大可耐受摄入量均低于每日暂定可耐受摄入量,且目标危害系数和总目标危害系数均小于1。结论3种药材均出现了类别/程度差异化的重金属/有害元素污染,应重视药材此类污染问题,并采取有效监测手段控制。Objective To establish an inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)method for determining the contents of lead(Pb),arsenic(As),mercury(Hg),cadmium(Cd)and copper(Cu)in the native Artemisiae Annuae Herba,Trichosanthis Fructus and Polygonati Rhizoma from the Qianjiang District of Chongqing,and to evaluate their health risks.Methods The microwave digestion method was used for sample pretreatment.The ICP-MS was used for determination;the power was 1500 W,the detector voltage was-12 V,the simulated voltage was-1787 V,the pulse voltage was 1300 V,the carrier gas was high-purity argon(Ar)with a flow rate of 18 L/min,the auxiliary gas was Ar with a flow rate of 1.0 L/min,and the atomization gas was Ar with a flow rate of 0.96 L/min,the test mode was kinetic energy discrimination mode,and the collision gas was helium.The pollution degree was evaluated based on the over-standard rate,single-factor pollution index and Nemerow comprehensive pollution index.The health risks were evaluated based on the estimated daily intake(EDI),target hazard quotient(THQ)and total target hazard quotient(TTHQ).Results The linear ranges of Pb,As,Hg,Cd and Cu were 0-50 ng/mL,0-50 ng/mL,0-5 ng/mL,0-5 ng/mL,0-1000 ng/mL(r>0.999)respectively.The limit of detection(LOD)was in the range of 0.00050-0.0070 mg/kg,and the limit of quantification(LOQ)was in the range of 0.0017-0.023 mg/kg.The RSDs of precision and repeatability tests were all lower than 5.2%.The average recovery rates of five elements in three Chinese medicinal materials were in the range of 89.72%-108.22%with RSDs of 0.30%-3.91%(n=6).The over-standard elements in Artemisiae Annuae Herba included Cu(70.45%)and Cd(25.00%),with a total over-standard rate of 72.73%;the single-factor pollution index was evaluated as slight pollution,and the Nemerow comprehensive pollution index was evaluated as the warning line.The over-standard element in Polygonati Rhizoma was Cd(11.11%),and the above two indexes were evaluated as excellent and safe,respectively.The over-standard element in Trich

关 键 词：地区药材 重金属 有害元素 电感耦合等离子体质谱法 健康风险评估 重庆黔江 

分 类 号：R917[医药卫生—药物分析学] R927[医药卫生—药学]