中国国家公园全民公益性理念实现现状、问题与国际经验借鉴  

Realizing the concept of public welfare for all in China's national parks:Current situation,problems and recommendations

作　　者：朱淼 汤春芳[1] 汤凌 张慧智[4] 黄宝荣 ZHU Miao;TANG Chunfang;TANG Ling;ZHANG Huizhi;HUANG Baorong(College of Life and Environmental Sciences,Central South University of Forestry and Technology,Changsha 410004,China;Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Center for National Parks and Protected Areas,Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Institute of Data Science and Agricultural Economics,Beijing Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Beijing 100097,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学生命与环境科学学院,长沙410004 [2]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [3]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院国家公园与自然保护地研究中心,北京100190 [4]北京市农林科学院数据科学与农业经济研究所,北京100097

出　　处：《科技导报》2024年第18期66-75,共10页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0401);国家自然科学基金重点项目(42230510);国家林业和草原局-中国科学院国家公园研究院研究专项(E2X3171601)。

摘　　要：全民公益性作为中国国家公园建设的三大核心理念之一,对于高质量建设世界最大国家公园体系具有重要意义。尽管此理念在相关政府文件中多次提及,但在具体实践中仍缺乏具体的操作指引和制度保障,造成理念实现成效有待提高。分析了中国国家公园全民公益性实现现状和面临的问题,借鉴其他国家成功经验,从强化法律和制度建设、健全利益相关方参与机制、完善特许经营制度、提升自然教育与游憩体验服务水平等方面,提出了促进中国国家公园全民公益性实现的政策建议。The concept of public welfare for all people,one of the three core concepts of China's national parks construction,is of great significance for the high-quality construction of the world’s largest national park system.Although the concept has been frequently mentioned in relevant government documents,there is still a lack of specific operational guidelines and institutional safeguards in practice,resulting in poor realization of the concept.Based on the analysis of the current situation and the problems and challenges facing the realization of public welfare for all in China's national parks,this paper draws on the successful experiences of other countries in promoting the construction of national parks for public welfare,and puts forward policy recommendations to promote the realization of public welfare for all in China's national parks from four aspects:strengthening the construction of laws and systems,deepening the institutional mechanism for public participation,improving the concession system,and optimizing the services of nature education and ecotourism.

关 键 词：国家公园 全民公益性 公众参与 

分 类 号：X36[环境科学与工程—环境工程]