古埃及象岛犹太教圣殿被毁事件辨析  

The Destruction of the Sanctuary on Elephantine Island:A Discussion

作　　者：王晗 Wang Han

机构地区：[1]青海师范大学历史学院,青海西宁810000

出　　处：《外国问题研究》2024年第3期58-70,159,共14页FOREIGN HISTORY STUDIES

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“古代埃及新王国时期行政文献整理研究”(编号:18ZDA206)。

摘　　要：发生在公元前410年的象岛犹太教圣殿被毁事件,即波斯帝国第一次统治埃及晚期,亦即第二十七王朝末期,象岛克努姆神庙的祭司,在波斯官员的支持与协助下,对象岛犹太移民群体耶和华圣殿所实施的两次破坏事件。该事件本早已湮没于历史之中,在19世纪与20世纪却随着相关纸草文献的大量出土而呈现于世。百余年来象岛犹太教圣殿被毁事件一直受到多个领域的广泛关注,对象岛事件产生的原因亦有多方面解析。本文立足于相关原始文献,对当前学界阐释的象岛犹太教圣殿被毁事件原因进行辨析,并提出自己的观点:象岛事件的发生很可能是波斯统治者与耶路撒冷圣殿祭司方面合力对付象岛犹太移民群体的结果。The destruction of the sanctuary on Elephantine Island at the end of the 5"century BC refers to the twice destructions for the sanctuary of the Jewish immigrants community on Elephantine Island by the priests of the Temple of Khnum with the supports and assistances of Persian officials in 410 BC at the end of the 27"Dynasty.After thousands of years,this events came to light in the 19"and 20"centuries with the unearthing of a haul of related papyrus documents.Over the past hundred years,the destruction of the sanctuary on Elephantine Island has been the subject of much attention in various fields,and the reasons for the destruction of the sanctuary have been analysed substantial ways.Based on the relevant documents,this article analyses the causes of the destruction of the sanctuary which are interpreted by the scholars,and puts forward its own viewpoint:the occurrence of the destruction of the sanctuary was most likely the result of the combined efforts of the Persian rulers and the priests of the sanctuary in Jerusalem.

关 键 词：古代埃及 象岛 犹太人 圣殿 波斯 

分 类 号：D741.1[政治法律—政治学] K411.2[政治法律—中外政治制度] B985[历史地理—历史学]