瑞典民主神话的历史解构——以19世纪下半叶至20世纪初的农民议员为中心  

The Historical Deconstruction of the Myth of Swedish Democracy—A Perspective on Peasant Parliamentarians from the Second Half of the 19^(th) Century to the Early 20^(th) Century

作　　者：王云龙[1] 王世英 Wang Yunlong;Wang Shiying

机构地区：[1]东北师范大学世界中古史研究所、国际教育法治研究中心,吉林长春130024

出　　处：《外国问题研究》2024年第3期143-151,160,共10页FOREIGN HISTORY STUDIES

摘　　要：长期以来,以农民阶级为主导的特殊性民主道路获得了瑞典社会各界的高度认可,已经达到了“国家神话”的地位。在瑞典语文献中,第二议院经常被称为“农民议院”。作为农民阶级的代表,农民议员更是成为瑞典民主神话的核心内蕴,奠定了其特殊性民主道路的叙事基调。然而研究表明,瑞典20世纪的民主化进程与19世纪的农民民粹主义没有必然联系。在瑞典现代化转型的关键时期——19世纪下半叶至20世纪初,农民议员是精英农民和社会新贵,其财富和社会地位的异质性非常突出,作为保守主义的坚定拥护者,他们的政党组织和政治倾向并不符合时代潮流。农民议员将普通农民作为提高话语权的政治工具,无法代表农民阶级的整体利益。For a long time,the particular democratic path dominated by the peasant class has reached the status of a"national myth".In Swedish literature,the Second Chamber is often referred to as the"Peasant Chamber".As representatives of the peasant class,the peasant parliamentarians have become the core of Sweden's democratic myth and have set the tone of the narrative of its special democratic path.However,research has shown that Sweden's democratization process in the 20"century was not necessarily linked to the peasant populism of the 19"century.From the second half of the 19"century to the early 2o"Century,the key period of Sweden's modernization and transformation,peasant parliamentarians were elite peasants and social nouveaux riches,and the heterogeneity of their wealth and social status was striking.Peasant parliamentarians were staunch advocates of conservatism,and their party organization and political leanings were not in keeping with the zeitgeist.Peasant parliamentarians used ordinary peasants as a political tool to raise their voice and were unable to represent the overall interests of the peasant class.

关 键 词：瑞典 农民议员 民主神话 农民阶级 

分 类 号：D753.2[政治法律—政治学] K532.4[政治法律—中外政治制度]