朝鲜宣祖对李舜臣的制衡与打压——再论李舜臣入狱原因  

King Seonjo of the Joseon Dynasty's Balances and Suppression on Yi Sun-sin: With Revisiting on the Reasons for Yi Sun-sin's Imprisonment

作　　者：孙中奇 Sun Zhongqi(National Institute for Advanced Humanistic Studies,Fudan University)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学文史研究院

出　　处：《当代韩国》2024年第3期112-128,共17页Contemporary Korea

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“韩国汉文史部文献编年与专题研究”(项目编号:21&ZD242)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：李舜臣历来被视为深受朝鲜国王宣祖信任的将领,这是后世史书美化的君臣关系,并非史实。壬辰战争期间,宣祖的王权受到威胁。李舜臣、元均等水军将领的胜利为宣祖提供了支持。明军入朝后,宣祖利用明军维护权威。闲山大捷后,李舜臣对王权构成了新的威胁。宣祖利用西人与南人之间的矛盾,贬损李舜臣,并赞赏元均,用元均制衡李舜臣。截杀加藤清正的计划并非反间计,而是小西行长为阻止战争再次爆发与朝鲜的合作,李舜臣积极配合,但由于情报时效与天气等因素未能成功。宣祖欲以此为由处死李舜臣。元均取代李舜臣后战败而死,宣祖不得不重新起用李舜臣,但用明军制衡李舜臣的功绩。在后来的功臣策勋中,宣祖用扈圣功臣制衡宣武功臣,借此巩固王权,并力推元均为一等功臣以平衡李舜臣的历史地位。Yi Sun-sin has always been regarded as a naval commander deeply trusted by King Seonjo of Joseon, but this is an idealized portrayal of their relationship in later historical texts, not the actual fact. During the Imjin War, King Seonjo's royal power was threatened. The victories of naval commanders like Yi Sun-sin and Won Gyun provided support to King Seonjo. After the Ming forces entered Korea, Seonjo utilized them to maintain his authority. Following the great victory at Hansando, Yi Sun-sin posed a new threat to the royal power. Seonjo exploited the conflicts between the Westerners and Southerners, demeaning Yi Sun-sin while praising Won Gyun, using the latter to counterbalance Yi Sun-sin's achievements. The plan to assassinate Katō Kiyomasa was not a counter-intelligence scheme, but rather a collaboration with Konishi Yukinaga to prevent the war from reigniting, which Yi Sun-sin actively supported but failed due to outdated intelligence and weather conditions. Seonjo wanted to execute Yi Sun-sin using this as a pretext. After Won Gyun replaced Yi Sun-sin and died in a subsequent defeat, Seonjo had no choice but to reinstate Yi Sun-sin, yet he used the Ming army to counterbalance Yi Sun-sin's achievements. Later, in the merit awards, King Seonjo used meritorious minister who followed the king to balance the meritorious minister who flighted against the Japanese, thus consolidating his royal power and strongly promoting Won Gyun as a first-class meritorious subject to balance Yi Sun-sin's historical status.

关 键 词：壬辰战争 李舜臣 元均 党争 宣祖 

分 类 号：D731.25[政治法律—政治学] K312.34[政治法律—中外政治制度]