服务型老年公寓的国际发展态势及启发  

International development and inspiration of service-integrated housing forthe elderly

作　　者：周燕珉[1] 郑远伟[2] ZHOU Yanmin;ZHENG Yuanwei(School of Architecture,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;School of Architecture and Urban Planning,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]清华大学建筑学院,北京100084 [2]华中科技大学建筑与城市规划学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《科技导报》2024年第17期41-52,共12页Science & Technology Review

摘　　要：综述了服务型老年公寓的相关研究与实践成果,辨析了有关概念、体系定位和主要特征,概括其作用和影响并归纳了发展现状和趋势。研究发现:服务型老年公寓是介于普通住宅和专业照护设施之间的多种建筑的统称,住房和养老服务灵活组合是其标志性特征;该类建筑的发展可以减轻公共财政负担、推动银发经济发展,为老年人提供合适居住选择、降低平均生活成本,促进市场多元主体介入、完善养老服务供给;近年来该类型在国际上发展速度较快,呈现出城区化、小型化、服务能力强化等趋势。我国现阶段老年公寓建设面临术语混乱、标准缺失等问题,上述国际经验能够从定位、作用和趋势上帮助厘清老年公寓的概念,回应发展必要性和方向性问题。Service-integrated housing(SIH)is an important type of residential housing for the elderly,which has attracted much attention in recent years.By reviewing relevant international literature,this paper analyzes relevant concepts,sorts out the main characteristics,discusses the effects and influences,and summarizes the development status and trend.It is found that SIH is an independent building type between general housing and skilled nursing care facilities,and the flexible combination of housing and services is its signature feature.International experience has shown that the development of such buildings has a positive impact on stakeholders such as governments,older people and the market.In recent years,SIH has developed rapidly internationally and has shown development trends such as urbanization,miniaturization,and strengthening of service capabilities.The international experience is conducive to helping China deepen the understanding of the concept of SIH and respond to the issues of development necessity and direction.

关 键 词：服务型老年公寓 老年人 养老建筑 老年人公寓 养老服务 

分 类 号：TU241.93[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]