移民殖民主义理论与殖民话语叙事重构  

The Theory of Settler Colonialism and the Reconstruction of Colonial Discourse Narratives

作　　者：郭长刚 任佳波 Guo Changgang;Ren Jiabo

机构地区：[1]上海社会科学院历史研究所,200235 [2]上海大学历史系,200444

出　　处：《史学理论研究》2024年第5期133-144,160,共13页Historiography Bimonthly

摘　　要：20世纪后期的原住民运动催生了“移民殖民主义”理论的诞生。该理论强调“清除逻辑”,认为美国、澳大利亚、加拿大、新西兰等国,本质上是由白人移居者通过对原住民进行“清除”而建立起来的“殖民国家”,并不是传统历史叙事中反抗宗主国母邦统治而获得民族独立的“殖民地国家”,二战后去殖民化运动形成的后殖民理论无力阐释美国等国的殖民性质,没有对这些白人移民殖民者建立的国家进行殖民清算。移民殖民主义理论可以看作一种“后一后殖民主义”理论,它的提出推动了后殖民研究的“移民殖民主义转向”,在相当程度上重塑了殖民史叙事。The indigenous movement in the late twentieth century gave birth to the theory of"settler colonialism".This theory emphasizes the"logic of elimination"and holds that the United States,Australia,Canada,New Zealand and other countries are essentially"settlers states"established by white settlers through"eliminating"the indigenous peoples,rather than"colonial states"in traditional historical narratives.The latter often came into being through resistance against the rule of the suzerainty in national struggles for independence.The post-colonial theory,shaped by the decolonization movement after World War II,is inadequate to explain the colonial nature of the countries like United States and other countries,whose white settlers/colonists have evaded the critique of colonialism.The theory of settler colonialism can be seen as a type of"post-post-colonialism"theory.Its proposal has promoted the"settler colonialism turn"in postcolonial studies and reshaped the discourse narratives of colonial history to a considerable degree.

关 键 词：移民殖民主义 原住民 清除逻辑 沃尔夫 维拉契尼 

分 类 号：K107[历史地理—历史学]