电脉冲法消除金属材料残余应力研究进展  

Research progress on removing residual stress of metal materials by electropulsing method

作　　者：曹凤雷 谭振 汪殿龙 梁志敏[1] 王立伟[1] Cao Fenglei;Tan Zhen;Wang Dianlong;Liang Zhimin;Wang Liwei(Hebei University of Science and Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-Net Forming Technology,Shijiazhuang 050018,China)

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学,石家庄050018 [2]河北省材料近净成形技术重点实验室,石家庄050018

出　　处：《焊接》2024年第9期1-6,共6页Welding & Joining

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(52475343);中央引导地方项目(246Z1015G);河北省自然科学基金面上项目(E2024208049)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在解决残余应力严重影响金属零件的力学性能和使用寿命的问题。【方法】通过对比现有残余应力消除方法的优缺点,从减少位错的角度展现电脉冲法具有的独特优势。【结果】综述了国内外学者在电脉冲法消除残余应力方面的研究现状,揭示了脉冲电流产生的电子风力和热压应力是消除残余应力的决定性因素,阐明了电子风力和热压应力促使位错开通、加速位错湮灭的机理,从而达到消除残余应力的目的。【结论】指出了电脉冲法消除残余应力的不足和改进措施,并指出了电脉冲法消除残余应力的发展趋势,为电脉冲技术的进一步研究和应用提供了理论依据。[Objective]In order to solve the problem of that residual stress seriously affects mechanical properties and service life of metal parts.[Methods]By comparing advantages and disadvantages of existing residual stress relief methods,it aimed to show the unique advantages of electropulsing method in terms of reducing dislocation in this paper.[Results]Research status of removing residual stress by electropulsing method was summarized,and it was revealed that electron wind force and thermal compressive stress generated by pulse current were decisive factors of removing residual stress.Mechanism of electron wind force and thermal compressive stress promoting dislocation opening and accelerating dislocation annihilation was explained,so as to achieve the purpose of removing residual stress.[Conclusion]Shortcomings and improvement measures of removing residual stress by electropulsing method were pointed out,and development trend of removing residual stress by electropulsing method was pointed out,which provided a theoretical basis for further research and application of electropulsing technology.

关 键 词：残余应力 脉冲电流 电子风力 热压应力 位错 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]