基于脆性理论的无损检验核安全监管反馈机制探讨  

Preliminary Exploration on the Construction of Feedback Mechanism for Non-destructive Testing Nuclear Safety Supervision based on System Dynamics Model

作　　者：王占永 王月立 张泽宇 蒋颜蔓 Wang Zhanyong;Wang Yueli;Zhang Zeyu;Jiang Yanman(Department of Nuclear Power Safety Regulation,MEE,Beijing 100006,China;Nuclear and Radiation Safety Center,MEE,Beijing 100082,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部核电安全监管司,北京100006 [2]生态环境部核与辐射安全中心,北京100082

出　　处：《核安全》2024年第5期19-23,共5页Nuclear Safety

摘　　要：核安全监管是核电产业可持续发展的重要保障。民用核安全设备占核电建设成本超过50%,其质量可靠性对工期进度和公众舆情有重要影响。本文结合监管及质量保证体系运转过程重复发生建造事件和相关核安全设备无损检验问题,筛选设备供应商、设备制造商、核安全监督员、无损检验人员、设备产品、工艺标准、质保体系、绩效管理、举报、行政处罚十项一级元素,采用实际案例探究核安全设备无损检验复杂系统关键脆性元素及其输入、传导、纠正、改进四个环节运转机制,构建无损检验核安全监管系统动力学因果关系模型,发现行政处罚影响范围和时效呈现有限性,亟须完善经验反馈机制,强化法规落地执行闭环管理,提升核安全监管有效性。Nuclear safety regulation is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of the nuclear power industry.Civil nuclear safety equipment accounts for over 50%of the construction cost of nuclear power,and its quality and reliability have a significant impact on the schedule and public opinion.Based on the repeated construction incidents and related nuclear safety equipment non-destructive testing issues in the operation process of the regulatory and quality assurance system,ten first level elements including equipment suppliers,equipment manufacturers,nuclear safety supervisors,non-destructive testing personnel,equipment products,process standards,quality assurance system,performance management,reporting,and administrative penalties were selected.This article uses actual cases to explore the key brittle elements of the complex system of nuclear safety equipment non-destructive testing and their four link operation mechanisms of input,transmission,correction,and improvement.A dynamic causal relationship model of the non-destructive testing nuclear safety supervision system was constructed,and it was found thatthe scope and timeliness of administrative penalties are limited.It is urgent to improve the experience feedback mechanism,strengthen the closed-loop management of regulatory implementation,and enhance the effectiveness of nuclear safety regulation.

关 键 词：脆性理论 系统动力学 无损检验 经验反馈 核安全 

分 类 号：C94[自然科学总论—系统科学]