设计参数与环境因素对艉轴承润滑性能的影响  

Influence of Design Parameters and Environmental Factors on the Lubrication Performance of Stern Bearings

作　　者：谢晓龙 刘洋洋 徐鲁帅 贾谦 袁小阳[1] XIE Xiaolong;LIU Yangyang;XU Lushuai;JIA Qian;YUAN Xiaoyang(Theory of Lubrication and Bearing Institute,Xi′an Jiaotong University,Xi′an Shaanxi 710049,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,Xi′an Jiaotong University City College,Xi′an Shaanxi 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学润滑理论及轴承研究所,陕西西安710049 [2]西安交通大学城市学院机械工程系,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2024年第10期16-28,共13页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：基础产品创新科研项目(CZ362)。

摘　　要：为提高船舶舰艇的艉轴承在低速重载工况下的润滑性能,选择某船用推进轴系艉轴承为研究对象,利用Fluent的Mixture模型求解两相流动状态下水润滑轴承的润滑性能参数,并分析设计参数和环境因素影响下的轴承润滑性能。研究表明:承载力与长径比呈正线性相关,水膜最大压力随长径比的增加而增大,但增长速率逐渐放缓;承载力随沟槽数量的增加先增加后降低,峰值出现在沟槽数量为2时;随沟槽夹角或沟槽深度的增加,水膜最大压力与承载力逐渐下降,而摩擦因数会增大;V形槽轴承的流体动压效果较好,相比于U形槽轴承,承载力提高了7.2%;水膜最大压力随着轴线绕x轴倾斜角的增加,其增长速率逐渐增加,最大水膜压力点会偏离轴承中截面,倾斜角为0.020°时,水膜最大压力为无轴线倾斜时的7.2倍;海水盐度的增加会提高轴承润滑性能,海水盐度从0增加到100‰时,承载力提高了15.8%。该研究为艉轴承的设计优化和试验提供理论参考。In order to improve the lubrication performance of the stern bearings of marine equipment under low-speed and heavy-loading conditions,the stern bearing of marine propulsion shaft system was chosen as the research object.The lubrication performance parameters of water-lubricated bearings under two-phase flow state was solved by the mixture model of Fluent.The influence of design parameters and environmental factors on bearing lubrication performance was analyzed.Result show that the bearing capacity is positively linearly correlated with the aspect ratio,and as the aspect ratio increases,the growth rate of the maximum water film pressure gradually slows down.The bearing capacity first increases and then decreases with the increase of the number of grooves,with a peak value appearing at 2 grooves.The maximum pressure and bearing capacity of the water film gradually decrease with the increase of groove angle or groove depth,while the friction coefficient increases.The hydrodynamic performance of V-groove bearings is better,with a 7.2%increase in bearing capacity compared to U-groove bearings.The maximum pressure of the water film gradually increases with the increase of the inclination angleγy of the axis around the x axis,and its growth rate gradually increases.When the inclination angleγy is 0.020°,the maximum pressure of the water film is 7.2 times that without axis inclination.The increase in seawater concentration will improve the lubrication performance of bearings,and when the seawater concentration increases from 0 to 100‰,the bearing capacity increases by 15.8%.This study can provide theoretical reference for the design optimization and testing of stern bearings.

关 键 词：艉轴承 润滑性能 水润滑轴承 设计参数 环境因素 

分 类 号：TH117.2[机械工程—机械设计及理论] TH133