电缆防喷器填料密封性能评价及其影响因素分析  

Evaluation of Sealing Performance and Analysis of Influencing Factors of Cable Blowout Preventer Packing

作　　者：魏凯 马博 刘启伟 王晨阳 韩雪龙 王傲 WEI Kai;MA Bo;LIU Qiwei;WANG Chenyang;HAN Xuelong;WANG Ao(Hubei Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Drilling and Production Engineering(Yangtze University),Wuhan Hubei 430100,China;National Engineering Research Center for Oil&Gas Drilling and Completion Technology,School of Petroleum Engineering,Yangtze University,Wuhan Hubei 430100,China;Sinopec Xinjiang Xinchun Petroleum Development Co.,Ltd.,Dongying Shandong 257000,China)

机构地区：[1]油气钻采工程湖北省重点实验室(长江大学),湖北武汉430100 [2]长江大学石油工程学院,油气钻完井技术国家工程研究中心,湖北武汉430100 [3]中石化新疆新春石油开发有限责任公司,山东东营257000

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2024年第10期166-173,共8页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：油气钻采工程湖北省重点实验室开放基金项目(YQZC202104)。

摘　　要：在开采高蜡高沥青质原油的自喷井时,常用电缆来加热析出物以解决井筒堵塞问题,但对能够配套电缆使用的井口高压防喷装置的密封性能研究不足。提出一种适用于加热电缆防喷器的填料密封结构,建立填料环在压缩变形阶段和流体渗透阶段的理论模型和有限元模型,并提出采用密封性能系数来评价不同影响因素下的填料密封性能。研究结果表明:填料环受压缩变形后,应力集中于最上端的主、副密封面上,流体压力渗透后,副密封面密封性能优于主密封面;增大压阀预紧应力,减小流体压力,减小电缆与填料间摩擦因数,可提高填料环主、副密封面的密封性能系数,从而改善填料密封性能;随着过盈量的增加,主、副密封面上的有效接触应力有所增加,但有效接触长度呈现先增大后减小的趋势,当过盈量大于0.06 mm时,密封性能系数降低,填料密封性反而变差。When extracting high wax and high asphaltene crude oil from self flowing wells,cable are commonly used to heat the precipitates to solve the problem of wellbore blockage.However,there is insufficient research on the sealing performance of wellhead high-pressure blowout prevention devices that can be used in conjunction with cables.A packing sealing structure suitable for heating cable blowout preventers was proposed,and a theoretical model and finite element model of the packing ring in the compression deformation stage and fluid penetration stage were established.The sealing performance coefficient was proposed to evaluate the packing sealing performance under different influencing factors.The results indicate that the stress is concentrated on the top of the main and secondary sealing surfaces after the packing sealing is compressed and deformed,and the sealing performance of the secondary sealing surface is better than that of the main sealing surface after fluid pressure penetration.The sealing performance coefficient of the main and secondary sealing surface of the packing sealing can be improved by increasing the pre-tightening stress of the pressure valve,reducing the fluid pressure and reducing the friction coefficient between the cable and the packing.With the increase of interference,the effective contact stress on the main and secondary sealing surfaces increases,but the effective contact length shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing.When the interference is greater than 0.06 mm,the sealing performance coefficient decreases,and the sealing performance of the packing actually deteriorates.

关 键 词：加热电缆 防喷器 填料密封 密封性能 流体压力渗透 

分 类 号：TH136[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TB42[一般工业技术]