某微细粒复杂难选金矿尾矿工艺矿物学研究  

Process Mineralogy of Tailings from a Micro-fine Disseminated Refractory Gold Deposit

作　　者：蔡焕花 王玲 陈伟华 郭勤强 高迟明 CAI Huanhua;WANG Ling;CHEN Weihua;GUO Qinqiang;GAO Chiming(Henan First Geology and Mineral Survey Institute Co.,Ltd.,Luoyang 471023,Henan,China;Key Laboratory of Au-Ag-Polymetallic Deposit Series and Deep-seated Metallogenic Prognosis of Henan Province,Luoyang 471023,Henan,China;School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Bejing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省第一地质矿产调查院有限公司,河南洛阳471023 [2]河南省金银多金属成矿系列与深部预测重点实验室,河南洛阳471023 [3]北京科技大学冶金与生态工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第9期1-9,共9页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC2904201)。

摘　　要：某微细粒复杂难选金矿原矿中金品位为1.91 g/t,浮选尾矿的金品位为0.43 g/t,金回收率在81.5%左右。为查清尾矿中金的损失状态和制约金回收率的主要因素,提高金的回收率,采用X射线荧光光谱(XRF)、X射线衍射(XRD)、工艺矿物学自动分析仪(BPMA)、扫描电镜-能谱仪(SEM-EDS)等手段对尾矿系统开展工艺矿物学研究。分析结果表明,尾矿中的金矿物主要为银金矿,其次为自然金;金矿物主要以与黄铁矿裸露连生金、黄铁矿裂隙金、黄铁矿与脉石粒间金形式产出,少部分以脉石包裹金形式存在;金矿物整体粒径小,绝大部分分布于1~10μm;金的载体矿物主要为黄铁矿,黄铁矿粒度多小于0.038 mm,单体解离度仅为4.60%;磨矿细度-0.074 mm含量占100%时,裸露金的占有率为55.81%,裸露金中大部分仍然与黄铁矿连生。黄铁矿单体解离度低以及大部分裸露金与黄铁矿连生是金损失的主要原因,通过提高磨矿细度,尾矿中的金才可能得到进一步的回收。但提高磨矿细度回收尾矿中的金时,应注意磨矿均匀度,在保证金及载体矿物尽量单体解离的同时,防止矿石泥化。The gold grade of a micro-fine disseminated refractory gold ore is 1.91 g/t,the grade of gold in the flotation tailings is 0.43 g/t,and the recovery rate of gold is about 81.5%.In order to clarify the loss status of gold in tailings and the main factors restricting gold recovery,and improve the recovery of gold,X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy(XRF),X-ray diffraction(XRD),basic principle of process mineralogy analyzer(BPMA),scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer(SEM-EDS)and other methods were used to systematically carry out process mineralogy research on the tailings.The analytical results show that the gold minerals in the tailings are mainly electrum,followed by natural gold.Gold minerals exist mainly in the form of exposed gold locked with pyrite,pyrite fracture gold,pyrite and gangue intergranular gold,and a small amount of gangue-encased gold.The overall particle size of the gold minerals is small,and most of them are distributed in 1-10μm.The carrier mineral of gold is mainly pyrite,which has a particle size of less than 0.038 mm and a liberation degree of only 4.60%.Under the condition that the grinding fineness is the content of-0.074 mm is 100%,the distribution rate of the exposed gold is 55.81%,most of the exposed gold is still associated with pyrite.The low liberation degree and the fact that most of the exposed gold is associated with pyrite are the main reasons for the gold loss,and further recovery of gold from the tailings is possible by improving the fineness of grinding.However,when improving the fineness of grinding to recover gold in tailings,attention should be paid to the uniformity of grinding to ensure that gold and the carrier minerals are dissociated as much as possible to prevent ore sliming.

关 键 词：工艺矿物学 难选金矿 尾矿 回收率 

分 类 号：TD912[矿业工程—选矿]