广西某重选细泥钨锡矿的矿物学及综合回收试验研究  

Mineralogy and Comprehensive Recovery Study of a Fine Mud Tungsten Tin Ore in Guangxi

作　　者：朱景和 李硕夫 李勤 吴世鹏 ZHU Jinghe;LI Shuofu;LI Qin;WU Shipeng(China Nonferrous Metal Mining(Group)Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100029,China;China Non-ferrous Metals Industry Association,Beijing 100029,China;State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing,Beijing 102628,China)

机构地区：[1]中国有色集团,北京100029 [2]中国有色金属工业协会,北京100029 [3]矿物加工与技术国家重点实验室,北京102628

出　　处：《有色金属（选矿部分）》2024年第9期38-48,共11页Nonferrous Metals（Mineral Processing Section）

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC2905100)。

摘　　要：广西某选厂重选车间细泥钨锡日产250~300 t,现场采用摇床进行回收,经一粗一扫摇床选别得到WO_(3)+Sn品位约6%的细泥精矿,摇床作业钨、锡回收率分别为40%、35%,金属损失严重。为更好地回收该细泥钨锡资源,采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜结合化学分析、化学物相分析等手段对矿样进行了系统的工艺矿物学研究,重点确定了试样的矿物组成和嵌布特征:WO3和Sn含量分别为0.21%和0.10%。矿石中白钨矿与黑钨矿比例约为6∶4,锡石与黝锡矿比例约为6∶1。硫化物以黄铜矿、闪锌矿、黄铁矿、毒砂和磁黄铁矿为主,脉石矿物以石英、白云母、方解石、白云石、萤石、黑云母为主,矿石中的钨锡主要集中在-0.025 mm粒级,回收难度较高。通过钨锡嵌布特征分析可知,该细泥矿物中富含硫化矿,为了确保从钨锡细泥中高效地提取有价元素,对该钨锡细泥浮选过程进行了预先脱硫处理,对经脱硫浮选后的硫尾矿进行钨锡浮选试验,浮选试验确立了以GY-1和GY-2为组合捕收剂,以碳酸钠、硝酸铅为调整剂。此外,鉴于水玻璃碱度较高,锡石对高碱较为敏感,因此采用了酸化水玻璃代替常规水玻璃作为抑制剂,经一粗四精二扫的浮选流程获得钨锡精矿钨品位为17.80%、锡品位为8.03%,钨、锡作业回收率分别为76.90%和59.55%的选别指标。A gravity concentration plant in Guangxi produces 250—300 tons of tungsten and tin fine mud per day.A fine mud concentrate with a WO_(3)+Sn grade of 6%was obtained through one roughing and one cleaning table concentrating.The recoveries of tungsten and tin in table concentrate operation are 40%and 35%respectively,resulting in severe metal loss.In order to better recover the tungsten tin resources from the fine mud,a systematic process mineralogy study was conducted on the ore sample using optical microscopy,scanning electron microscopy,chemical analysis,chemical phase analysis,and other methods,the mineral composition and embedding characteristics of the sample were determined.The WO_3 and Sn contents were 0.21%and 0.10%,respectively.The ratio of scheelite to wolframite in the ore is about 6∶4,and the ratio of cassiterite to stannite is about 6∶1.Sulfide minerals are mainly chalcopyrite,sphalerite,pyrite,arsenopyrite,and pyrrhotite.Gangue minerals are mainly quartz,muscovite,calcite,dolomite,fluorite,and biotite.The tungsten and tin in the ore are mainly concentrated in the-0.025 mm particle size class,making it difficult to recover.Through analysis of the embedding characteristics of the tungsten and tin minerals,it can be inferred that the fine mud contains a lot of sulfide minerals.To ensure an efficient extraction of valuable elements of tungsten and tin from the fine mud,a desulfurization flotation pretreatment was conducted,and the tungsten-tin flotation was carried out on the sulfide flotation tailings.The tungsten-tin flotation test established GY-1 and GY-2 as combined collectors,and sodium carbonate and lead nitrate as regulators.In addition,considering the high alkalinity of water glass and the sensitivity of cassiterite to high alkalinity,acidified water glass was used instead of conventional water glass as an depressant.Through the flotation process,a tungsten-tin concentrate with tungsten grade of 17.80%,tin grade of 8.03%,and tungsten and tin recovery of 76.90%and 59.55%respectively,was obtai

关 键 词：嵌布特征 细泥钨锡矿 脱硫 混合浮选 

分 类 号：TD952[矿业工程—选矿] TD923TD922