以常见农作物秸秆为碳源去除水中硝态氮的性能实验研究  

Experimental Study on the Removal of Nitrate Nitrogen from Water Using Common Crop Straw as Carbon Source

作　　者：杨英 汪盛玮 李枫 唐义 李卫华 YANG Ying;WANG Shengwei;LI Feng;TANG Yi;LI Weihua(Anhui Jianzhu University,School of Environment and Energy Engineering,Hefei 230601,China;Anhui Petroleum Branch of Sinopec Sales Co Ltd,Hefei 230041,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽建筑大学环境与能源工程学院,安徽合肥230601 [2]中国石化销售股份有限公司安徽合肥石油分公司,安徽合肥230041

出　　处：《中国沼气》2024年第5期39-46,共8页China Biogas

基　　金：2023年安徽省住房城乡建设科学技术计划项目(2023-PK025);安徽省教育厅研究生质量工程项目(2022jyjxggjy314);国家自然科学基金(52370021)。

摘　　要：为了优化以农作物秸秆为固态碳源去除硝酸盐污染的反硝化工艺,选择最佳的添加量,以及如何调控适宜的环境因素等问题,通过实验探究了利用常见农作物秸秆(小麦、玉米、大豆)作为碳源对硝态氮去除效果及适宜环境的影响因素。研究结果表明,使用玉米秸秆作为碳源的反硝化效果最好,其去除的硝酸盐氮浓度最高为98.6%,亚硝酸盐氮浓度最低,且氨氮浓度很早就开始降低,更有利于微生物的利用。当C/N为2时,硝酸盐的去除速率最快,亚硝酸盐和氨氮的浓度也较低,反硝化效率最高。在反硝化过程中,当pH值为7时,硝酸盐氮和亚硝酸盐氮的去除速率最快,氨氮浓度最低。随着反硝化的实验温度提升至30℃和40℃时,实验中硝酸盐氮浓度的减少速度明显加快,表明在这两个温度条件下反硝化效果更好。玉米秸秆和生物炭共同作为碳源时,硝酸盐去除率高达99.7%,且亚硝酸和氨氮浓度降低;实验结果为硝酸盐污染的生物治理提供了理论依据和实践参考。In order to optimize the denitrification process using crop straw as a solid carbon source for nitrate pollution removal,the optimal addition amount is selected,and how to regulate the suitable environmental factors.In this paper,we experimentally investigated the effect of using common crop residues(wheat,corn,soybean)as carbon source on nitrate nitrogen removal and the influence factors of suitable environment.The results showed that denitrification using corn stover as a carbon source had the best effect,with the highest nitrate nitrogen concentration of 98.6%and the lowest nitrite nitrogen concentration removed,and the ammonia nitrogen concentration started to decrease very early,which was more favorable for microbial utilization.When the C/N ratio was 2,the nitrate removal rate was the fastest,the nitrite and ammonia nitrogen concentrations were also lower,and the denitrification efficiency was the highest.During denitrification,the fastest removal rate of nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen and the lowest concentration of ammonia nitrogen were observed when the pH was 7.As the temperature of denitrification experiment was raised to 30℃and 40℃,the reduction of nitrate nitrogen concentration in the experiment was obviously accelerated,which indicated that denitrification was more effective under these two temperature conditions.When corn stover and biochar were used together as the carbon source,the nitrate removal rate was as high as 99.7%,and the nitrite and ammonia nitrogen concentrations were reduced;this study provides a theoretical basis and practical reference for the biological management of nitrate pollution.

关 键 词：农作物秸秆 碳源 硝酸盐污染 反硝化 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X705