畜禽粪便好氧堆肥中抗生素抗性基因研究进展  

Research Progress on Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Aerobic Composting of Livestock and Poultry Manure

作　　者：司孝刚 谯祖勤 彭星运 丁蕾 周昌平 SI Xiaogang;QIAO Zuqin;PENG Xingyun;DING Lei;ZHOU Changping(Guizhou Research Institute of Chemical Industry,Guiyang 550002,China;Kunming University,Kunming 650000,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州省化工研究院,贵州贵阳550002 [2]昆明学院,云南昆明650000

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2024年第9期23-34,共12页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：贵州省科技支撑计划项目(黔科合支撑[2023]一般017);贵州科学院青年基金项目(黔科院J字[2023]10号)。

摘　　要：抗生素被广泛用于畜禽养殖业,这些抗生素在动物体内不能被完全吸收,导致大量抗生素通过粪便进入环境,进而诱导抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)的产生,对生态环境和人畜健康带来不利的影响。大量研究已证实好氧堆肥是一种有效降低多种污染物生态风险,实现畜禽粪便的资源化、无害化利用的方法,同时堆肥原料及堆肥工艺等条件的不同导致了ARGs的复杂性、多变性。该文介绍了好氧堆肥过程中ARGs的转移传播机制,重点论述了生物因素(细菌群落、可移动遗传元件)、堆肥理化参数(温度、pH值、C/N、氮形态、通风工艺与参数)对ARGs的影响,并简述了ARGs、细菌群落、可移动遗传元件(MGEs)、各堆肥理化参数之间的相互关联特性。基于此,该文概述了当前ARGs的消减措施研究进展,同时为未来研究方向提出了展望,以期为畜禽粪便好氧堆肥中有效控制ARGs的传播提供理论依据。Antibiotics are widely used in animal husbandry.Due to the incomplete absorption of these antibiotics in the animal body,a large amount of antibiotics enters the environment through feces,inducing the production of antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),which has adverse effects on the ecological environment and human and animal health.A large amount of research has confirmed that aerobic composting is an effective method to reduce the ecological risks of various pollutants and achieve the resource utilization and harmless utilization of livestock and poultry manure.The different conditions of composting raw materials and composting processes lead to the complexity and variability of ARGs.This article introduces the transfer and propagation mechanism of ARGs during aerobic composting,with a focus on the effects of biological factors(bacterial communities,mobile genetic elements)and composting physicochemical parameters(temperature,pH value,C/N,nitrogen forms,ventilation process and parameters)on ARGs.The interrelationships between ARGs,bacterial communities,mobile genetic elements(MGEs),and various composting physicochemical parameters are briefly described.Based on this,the current research progress on reduction measures for ARGs is summarized.At the same time,prospects were proposed for future research directions,in order to provide theoretical basis for effectively controlling the spread of ARGs in aerobic composting of livestock and poultry manure.

关 键 词：畜禽粪便 好氧堆肥 抗生素抗性基因 研究进展 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]