醇溶性高性能聚氨酯基透明涂层的制备及应用研究  

Preparation and Applied Research of Alcohol-soluble,High-performance Polyurethane-based Transparent Coatings

作　　者：王玉杰 聂慧芳 薛晓凯 谢壮龙 王非[1] 王世民[1] 万亚萌 陈宝元 Yu-jie Wang;Hui-fang Nie;Xiao-kai Xue;Zhuang-long Xie;Fei Wang;Shi-min Wang;Ya-meng Wan;Bao-yuan Chen(School of Chemical and Printing-dyeing Engineering,Henan University of Engineering,Zhengzhou 450007;Henan Zhongbao Science&Technology Co.,Zhengzhou 450003)

机构地区：[1]河南工程学院化工与印染工程学院,郑州450007 [2]河南中包科技有限公司,郑州450003

出　　处：《高分子学报》2024年第11期1586-1596,共11页Acta Polymerica Sinica

基　　金：河南省科技攻关项目(项目号242102311245,242102230164);河南省高等学校重点科研项目(项目号24A430010);河南工程学院博士培育基金(基金号D2021004);河南省大学生创新创业训练计划(项目号202311517020)资助项目.

摘　　要：随着环保要求的逐渐提高,高毒性有机溶剂的使用已成为制约聚氨酯(PU)基透明涂层生产和应用的主要原因,通过结构设计赋予PU醇溶性是制备绿色环保型透明涂层的有效策略.本研究以聚氧化丙烯二醇为软段,通过将异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯的脂环结构引入PU的硬段,赋予其醇溶性和透明性.通过傅里叶变换红外光谱仪表征PU基涂层的化学结构,采用紫外-可见分光光度计表征PU基涂层的醇溶性及光学性能,通过静态接触角测试观察PU基涂层的疏水性能,使用热重分析仪测定PU基涂层的热稳定性,并通过电子万能试验机分析硬段含量对PU基涂层力学性能的影响.此外,通过划格实验和耐腐蚀测试考察PU基涂层的应用性能.结果表明:具有大空间位阻的环型结构使得硬段中氨酯基团间的氢键作用较弱,而乙醇与氨酯基团间的氢键促进了PU基涂层的溶解,进而表现出良好的醇溶性.软段和硬段的非晶状态使得PU基涂层具有良好的透明性,但是随着硬段含量的增加,PU的微相分离程度提高,导致涂层的透光率降低,疏水性能略有降低,而拉伸强度明显提高.制备的醇溶性PU基透明涂层具有优异的疏水性、热稳定性、黏附性及耐腐蚀性,有望在光学器件、高端玻璃仪器等方面得到应用.With the gradual increase of environmental protection requirements,the utilization of highly toxic organic solvents has become the main factor restricting the production and application of polyurethane-based(PU)transparent coatings,and enabling PU alcohol solubility by structural design is an effective strategy for preparing environmentally friendly transparent coatings.In this study,poly(propylene oxide diol)was used as the soft segments,and the alcohol solubility and transparency of PU coatings were imparted by introducing the alicyclic structure of isophorone diisocyanate into the hard segments.The chemical structure of the alcoholsoluble PU coatings was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,the alcohol-soluble and optical properties were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry,the hydrophobicity was observed by static contact angle test,the thermal stability was determined by thermo-gravimetric analyzer,and the effect of the content of the hard segments on the mechanical properties was analyzed by electronic universal testing machine.Furthermore,the applied properties were investigated by scratch tests and corrosion resistance measurements.The results show that the ring structure with large spatial site resistance makes the hydrogen bonding between urethane groups in the hard segments weak,and the hydrogen bonding between ethanol and urethane groups promotes the solubilization of the PU coatings,which in turn shows favorable alcohol solubility.The amorphous state of the soft and hard segments resulted in good transparency,but with the increase of the hard segments content,the microphase-separated degree of the PUs increased,which resulted in a decrease in the light transmittance of the coatings,a slight decrease in the hydrophobicity,and a significant increase in the tensile strength.The prepared alcohol-soluble PU-based transparent coatings have excellent hydrophobicity,thermal stability,anti-peeling and corrosion resistance,and are expected to be used in optical devices,hig

关 键 词：聚氨酯 环型硬段 醇溶性 疏水性 透明涂层 

分 类 号：TB306[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]