互联网模式下先天性心脏病健康宣教的效果研究  

Effect of health education on congenital heart disease through internet model

作　　者：候雨研 张劭勤 黄贵民 孙艳琨 刘永艳[1] 刘梦娟 王艳蓉[1] 赵晓蕾 张辉[1] 魏丹[1] HOU Yu-yan;ZHANG Shao-qin;HUANG Gui-min;SUN Yan-kun;LIU Yong-yan;LIU Meng-juan;WANG Yan rong;ZHAO Xiao-lei;ZHANG Hui;WEI Dan(Department of Cardiac Surgery,Children’s Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100020,China;Prenatal Diagnosis Center,Beijing Haidian District Maternal and Child Health Hospital,Beijing 100020,China;Child Health Big Data Research Center,Capital Institute of Pediatrics,Beijing 100080,China)

机构地区：[1]首都儿科研究所附属儿童医院心脏外科,北京市100020 [2]北京市海淀区妇幼保健院产前诊断中心 [3]首都儿科研究所儿童健康大数据研究中心

出　　处：《中国心血管病研究》2024年第8期713-718,共6页Chinese Journal of Cardiovascular Research

基　　金：北京慢性病防治与健康教育研究会科研项目(BJMB0012022028014)。

摘　　要：目的了解孕期女性对先天性心脏病(先心病)的知晓程度并通过互联网模式对其进行先心病健康宣教,提高孕期女性对先心病相关知识的了解程度。方法通过微信小程序对孕期女性进行先心病相关知识的问卷调查及健康宣教。符合纳排标准的孕期女性在签署知情同意后随机分成对照组及干预组,对照组先进行问卷调查后对其进行健康宣教,干预组则先进行健康宣教后再进行问卷调查。调查问卷共20题。对调查结果进行统计分析,比较两组各问题答案的差异。结果本研究共纳入1099例孕期女性的完整调查问卷,其中干预组557例,对照组542例。两组在年龄、孕周、妊娠次数、生育次数、文化程度、是否存在不良孕产史等基础信息方面无差异(P>0.05),具有可比性。两组调查对象在是否愿意主动行胎儿超声心动图检查以排除先心病方面没有差异,均有70%以上孕妇表示愿意。关于先心病发生率的知晓率(56.0%比32.8%,P<0.05)、临床表现及预防和治疗的知晓率(16.2%比5.4%,P<0.05)以及希望接受专科医师健康宣教方面均呈现干预组高于对照组(86.5%比81.4%,P<0.05)。干预组较对照组中确定继续妊娠以及不继续妊娠的比例均增高,而不太肯定的比例有所降低(P<0.05)。结论孕期女性对先心病的知晓程度还处于较低水平,通过互联网模式进行健康宣教,可以方便快捷的提高她们对先心病相关知识的认知程度,但仍需反复多次进行健康宣教以提高认知程度并降低自愿终止妊娠的比例。Objective To investigate the level of knowledge about congenital heart disease(CHD)among pregnant women and conduct health education on CHD by the internet mode so as to improve the understand of CHD among them.Methods A questionnaire survey and health education on knowledge of CHD was conducted for the pregnant women through a WeChat app.They were randomly divided into the control group and the intervention group after signing the informed consent.The control group was given a questionnaire survey including 20 questions before the health education,while the intervention group was given health education first and then complete the questionnaire survey.The results of the survey were analyzed to compare the difference between the two groups.Results A total of 1099 cases were included in this study,including 557 in the intervention group and 542 in the control group.There was no difference between the two groups in terms of basic information such as age,gestational week,number of pregnancy,number of birth,literacy level and whether there was a history of adverse pregnancy and childbirth(P>0.05),which made them comparable.Up to 70%cases in both the groups were willing to perform fetal echocardiography to exclude congenital heart disease voluntarily and there is no difference between the two groups.The awareness of the incidence(56.0%vs.32.8%,P<0.05),clinical manifestations,prevention and treatment of congenital heart disease(16.2%vs.5.4%,P<0.05),and the willingness to receive health education from specialist doctors(86.5%vs.81.4%,P<0.05)all showed higher in the intervention group than the control group.The proportion of certain to continue or not to continue pregnancy were higher,while the proportion of those who were not quite sure decreased in the intervention group(P<0.05).Conclusion The awareness of CHD is still at a low level in the pregnant women.The health education through the internet mode can improve it conveniently,but needs to be done repeatedly to improve their awareness and reduce the rate of voluntary

关 键 词：先天性心脏病 孕期女性 三级预防 健康宣教 互联网模式 

分 类 号：R714.5[医药卫生—妇产科学]