薛道衡《昔昔盐》的再阐释——兼论“空梁落燕泥”的经典化  

The Reinterpretation of Xue Daoheng’s Salt of the Past--On the Canonization of“Swallow’s Mud Falling from the Empty Beam”

作　　者：韩健豪 李丹[2] HAN Jian-hao;LI Dan(School of Marxism,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488;College of Literature,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610068)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学马克思主义学院,北京102488 [2]四川师范大学文学院,四川成都610068

出　　处：《汕头大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2024年第7期32-41,94,95,共12页Journal of Shantou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

摘　　要：“空梁落燕泥”,薛道衡《昔昔盐》诗中名句。历代诗评家主观化经验化的点评对名句生存的整体篇章鲜有关注。“意义回译”缺少了生命生活的直观空间,淡漠了自然景物的自然性与“人”的痕迹——思妇随景物变化自然细腻的情感转换,使得今人但知美之为美却不知美之何以为美。《昔昔盐》整体的艺术风致、情感思理也不应被忽视。诗话、史书多记载隋炀帝妒杀薛道衡,名句经典化历程烙上了深深的炀帝印迹。是以作家创作时调动的思辨、美感深度、修辞的想象力、意象的表现力、语言使用的新鲜性被遮蔽;“以破败的环境描写刻画思妇的凄凉心境”的当代阐释具有学理性即具体深入的分析,然人云亦云中“落”字作为“开始”的意义失落,其背后昂扬的精神也随之失落。再阐释《昔昔盐》全诗及“空梁落燕泥”,将细读文本并借鉴美学批评以揭示:诗篇以巧设转折的技法建构了基于人普遍的情感与认知的主观时空结构;名句将生命的本质力量注入具体意象,形成了富有生命气息的“人化”自然并达成了不同历史情境下对自我处境的积极昂扬的关照与认识,因而得以成为千古名句。The famous line of Xue Daoheng’s poem“Salt of the Past”is“Swallow’s Mud Falling from the Empty Beam”.The subjective and empirical comments and praises of poetry critics through the ages have focused on Emperor Yang’s jealousy of his talent,and the classical course of the famous line has been deeply imprinted with Emperor Yang’s imprint.Hegel believed that“beauty is the sensual manifestation of the idea”.It is with the writer to create the mobilisation of discernment,the depth of beauty,the rhetorical imagination,the expressive power of imagery,the freshness of language use has been obscured;“to depict the desolate state of mind of the thinking woman in a dilapidated environment”of contemporary interpretation,seems to have academic rationality that is,a specific and in-depth analysis,but conform to what one perceives to be the majority view,the word“fall”as the word“fall”.However,the meaning of the word“fall”as the“beginning”has been lost,and the spirit behind it has been lost,which makes people nowadays know that beauty is beauty,but they don't know why beauty is beauty.And critics on the famous lines,the survival of the famous lines of the overall chapter little attention,“meaning back to the translation”lack of life life intuitive space,less natural scenery of nature(meaning that the scenery is not deliberately arranged medium,it is not only the natural things themselves,but also a direct carrier of the natural disposition of the people);less“people”traces-thinking of a man.The traces of“human”are missing-the natural and delicate emotional transformation of the thinking woman with the change of scenery,and thus the famous lines of the chapter cannot be experienced empathetically.The artistic style and emotional thinking of“Salt of the Past”have their own wonderful points,which should not be ignored.

关 键 词：“空梁落燕泥” 薛道衡诗歌 《昔昔盐》 

分 类 号：I222.6[文学—中国文学]