垂直井内上击器解卡过程中钻柱振动数学模型的建立与求解及动态解卡力分析  

Establishment and solution of a mathematical model of the drillstring vibration and analysis of dynamic release force during an up-jar operation in a vertical well

作　　者：魏强 李子丰[1] 张杰 WEI Qiang;LI Zifeng;ZHANG Jie(Petroleum Engineering Department,Yanshan University,Qinhuangdao 066004,China;CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute,Xi’an 710077,China)

机构地区：[1]燕山大学车辆与能源学院,河北秦皇岛066004 [2]中国石油集团工程材料研究院有限公司,西安710077

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2024年第20期62-74,共13页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51974277)。

摘　　要：对于油气井内解卡过程中的钻柱振动情况及动态解卡力,目前还没有有效的分析方法。该研究建立了垂直井内上击器解卡过程中考虑钻井流体阻尼的钻柱振动数学模型,并进行了求解,分析了几个主要因素对动态解卡力的影响。首先,介绍了上击器解卡过程中钻柱振动的三个阶段:(1)拉伸储能阶段,对钻柱进行静力学分析;(2)泄压阶段,结合拉伸储能阶段的计算结果,通过特征函数展开法与拉普拉斯变换求解了泄压阶段的钻柱振动数学模型;(3)撞击阶段,引入了将钻柱-钻柱轴向撞击的强非线性问题转化为多段钻柱振动的线性问题的求解思路,通过紧差分方法对撞击阶段的钻柱振动数学模型进行求解,获得了钻柱中的弹性波传播规律以及动态解卡力。其次,建立了与三个阶段相应的数学模型并求解。然后,采用该模型计算了无阻尼情况下的荷载场与动态解卡力,经低通滤波处理后的计算结果与相应条件下的解析解以及ABAQUS软件所得结果均有较好的吻合,验证了该工况下解法的准确性。最后,分析了震击启动拉力、上击器位置、钻井流体黏度、以及芯轴有效距离对动态解卡力的影响。所得结论对使用震击解卡的作业过程具有一定的指导意义。In this paper,a mathematical model of the drillstring vibration in the process of an up-jar operation in vertical wells was established and solved.The three stages of the drillstring vibration were described,and a mathematical model was made to explain them during an up-jar operation.①During the tensile energy storage stage,the static analysis of the drillstring was carried out.②During the pressure relief stage,the eigenfunction function expansion method was used to find an analytical solution.③During the impact stage,the compact difference method was used to solve the mathematical model.After processing with the low-pass filtering method,the dynamic release force discovered using the aforementioned method is in good agreement with the corresponding analytical solutions and ABAQUS results.The relationship between the jar initiation tensions,the up-jar’s location,the drilling fluid viscosity,the effective distance of the mandrel,and the dynamic release force were investigated.

关 键 词：卡钻 解卡 上击器 管柱-管柱轴向撞击 钻柱振动 数学模型 钻井流体阻尼 动态解卡力 

分 类 号：TE2[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程] O313.4[理学—一般力学与力学基础] TH113.1[理学—力学]