基于刚度矩阵分析法的变刚度橡胶支座力学性能研究  

A study on mechanical properties of variable stiffness rubber bearings based on the stiffness matrix analysis method

作　　者：杨静[1,2] 潘文 张岩岩[3] 蔡正 YANG Jing;PAN Wen;ZHANG Yanyan;CAI Zheng(School of Civil Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China;Earthquake Engineering Researching Center of Yunnan,Kunming 650500,China;Science and Technology R&D Center,Yunnan Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,昆明650500 [2]云南省抗震工程技术研究中心,昆明650500 [3]云南省设计院集团有限公司科技研发中心,昆明650500

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2024年第20期106-118,共13页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52368019);云南省科技厅基金(202202AH210004)。

摘　　要：在橡胶支座力学行为基础上提出了一种适合隔离三维地震或竖向振动的新型变刚度橡胶支座,并阐述了能解决变刚度支座非均质体力学问题的刚度矩阵分析法。首先,基于常用橡胶支座解析解和压剪试验的非线性响应分析,采用刚度矩阵分析法对该支座进行计算,其结果和试验值高度一致验证了该方法计算精度较高。接着,对比三种支座结果:在相同外部荷载和材料参数下,厚层支座力和变形最大,变刚度支座和普通支座力和变形显著低于厚层支座;不同轴压下,P-Δ效应表现为厚层支座力和变形及水平刚度受轴压影响最为显著,而变刚度支座与普通支座受轴压影响较小。通过算例表明,可通过调整变刚度支座实现竖向刚度的优化。综合而言,变刚度支座对力和变形的承载能力较好,为三维隔震(振)提供了一种简单实用的解决方案。A new type of variable stiffness rubber bearing suitable for isolating three-dimensional earthquake or vertical vibration was proposed on the basis of the mechanical behavior of the rubber bearing,and the stiffness matrix analysis method that can solve the mechanical problem of non-homogeneous body of the variable stiffness bearing was described.Firstly,based on the analytical solution of the commonly used rubber bearing and the nonlinear response analysis of the compression shear test,the stiffness matrix analysis was used to calculate the test bearing,and the results are highly consistent with the test values,which verifies that the calculation accuracy of the method is high.Then,the results of the three kinds of bearings were compared:under the same external load and material parameters,the force and deformation of the thick bearing are the largest,and the force and deformation of the variable stiffness bearing and common bearing are significantly lower than that of the thick bearing;under different axial pressures,the P-Δeffect is manifested as follows:the force and deformation of the thick bearing and the horizontal stiffness are most significantly affected by the axial pressure,while the variable stiffness bearing and the common bearing are less affected by the axial pressure.Finally,the calculation example shows that the vertical stiffness can be optimized by adjusting the variable stiffness bearing.In conclusion,the variable stiffness bearing has a better bearing capacity for force and deformation,and provides a simple and practical solution for three-dimensional seismic isolation(vibration).

关 键 词：变刚度橡胶支座 刚度矩阵分析法 厚层橡胶支座 三维隔震(振) P-Δ效应 

分 类 号：TU352.1[建筑科学—结构工程]