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作 者:王岳扬 陈绍露 龙镜冰 汪家威 陈莹玉 WANG Yueyang;CHEN Shaolu;LONG Jingbing;WANG Jiawei;CHEN Yingyu(Qingdao Lnnovation and Development Base,Harbin Engineering University,Qingdao 266000,China;Innovation Center for Complex Dynamics and Control,Harbin 150001,China;Beijing Institute of Astronautical Systems Engineering,Beijing 100076,China)
机构地区:[1]哈尔滨工程大学青岛创新发展基地,山东青岛266000 [2]复杂动力学与控制创新中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [3]北京宇航系统工程研究所,北京100076
出 处:《振动与冲击》2024年第20期263-274,297,共13页Journal of Vibration and Shock
基 金:中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(3072022JC2603);国家自然科学基金(52001094)。
摘 要:航行体跨介质高速入水瞬间经受的撞击力可威胁其结构安全和其入水弹道的稳定性。为探讨入水冲击对结构的影响,以带泡沫头帽圆柱体为试验研究对象,探究不同入水速度和角度状态下不同头型泡沫降载头帽的入水冲击运动特性。试验中,利用高速摄像技术捕捉带头帽圆柱体的入水空泡形态特征,并基于Canny边缘检测算法对空泡特征进行参数分析;与此同时,通过内置加速度传感器获得其入水加速度,利用互补集合经验模态分解方法进行滤波分析。通过分析试验过程的图像和传感器测量结果,获得了不同速度、角度和头型圆柱体入水的空泡演化特征和加速度的变化规律及其变化原因,并对比了不同降载方式的降载效果。试验结果表明,圆柱体入水冲击加速度随速度的平方线性增加;头型对圆柱体低速入水的缓冲效果最为明显,带圆锥形外形头帽降载效果达到了86.8%,圆锥形泡沫头帽的降载缓冲效果达到了97%。此外,试验中还观测到了圆柱体入水空泡深闭合后尾空泡逐次脱落的现象,该现象对圆柱体形成逐渐递减的脉动冲击;聚甲基丙烯酰亚胺泡沫头帽不会改变入水空泡的形态,但会使空泡壁面粗糙模糊。The impact force experienced by a vehicle entering water at high speed across media can threaten its structural safety and the stability of its entry trajectory.In order to explore the influence of water entry impact on the structure,the cylinder with a foam head cap was taken as the experimental research object to explore the water entry impact load characteristics of different foam head caps under different water entry speeds and angles.In the experiment,high-speed camera technology was used to capture the shape characteristics of the water inlet bubbles of the cylinder with a leading cap,and the bubble features were analyzed based on the Canny edge detection algorithm.At the same time,the water impact load was obtained through the built-in accelerometer,and the complementary ensemble empirical mode decomposition method was used for filtering load analysis.By analyzing the images and sensor measurement results of the experimental process,the evolution characteristics of bubbles and the variation rules of acceleration in water entering different speeds,angles,and head shaped cylinders were obtained,and the reasons for these changes were compared.The load reduction effects of different load reduction methods were also compared.The experimental results show that the load on the cylinder entering the water increases linearly with the square of the velocity;the head shape has the most obvious buffering effect on the low speed water entry load of the cylinder.The load reduction effect of the head cap with conical shape reaches 86.8%,and the load reduction and buffering effect of the conical foam head cap reaches 97%.In addition,the experiment also shows the phenomenon of the tail bubbles gradually falling off after the deep closure of the water entering bubbles of the cylinder,which forms a gradually decreasing pulse load on the cylinder.A polymethacrylimide foam head cap will not change the shape of water entering cavitation,but will make the cavitation wall rough and fuzzy.
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