Assembling the RNA therapeutics toolbox  

作　　者：Mona Teng Ziting Judy Xia Nicholas Lo Kashif Daud Housheng Hansen He 

机构地区：[1]Department of Medical Biophysics,Temerty Faculty of Medicine,University of Toronto,Toronto,ON,Canada [2]Princess Margaret Cancer Centre,University Health Network,Toronto,ON,Canada [3]Department of Medical Biophysics,Temerty Faculty of Medicine,University of Toronto,Toronto M2J 4A6,ON,Canada [4]Princess Margaret Cancer Centre,University Health Network,Toronto M2J 4A6,ON,Canada

出　　处：《Medical Review》2024年第2期110-128,共19页医学评论（英文）

基　　金：supported by the Terry Fox New Frontiers Program Project Grant(PPG19-1019 and 23-1124 to H.H.H).H.H.H.holds Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in RNA Medicine.M.T.is supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research(CIHR)Doctoral Fellowship for graduate students。

摘　　要：From the approval of COVID-19 mRNA vaccines to the 2023 Nobel Prize awarded for nucleoside base modifications,RNA therapeutics have entered the spotlight and are transforming drug development.While the term“RNA therapeutics”has been used in various contexts,this review focuses on treatments that utilize RNA as a component or target RNA for therapeutic effects.We summarize the latest advances in RNA-targeting tools and RNA-based technologies,including but not limited to mRNA,antisense oligos,siRNAs,small molecules and RNA editors.We focus on the mechanisms of current FDA-approved therapeutics but also provide a discussion on the upcoming workforces.The clinical utility of RNA-based therapeutics is enabled not only by the advances in RNA technologies but in conjunction with the significant improvements in chemical modifications and delivery platforms,which are also briefly discussed in the review.We summarize the latest RNA therapeutics based on their mechanisms and therapeutic effects,which include expressing proteins for vaccination and protein replacement therapies,degrading deleterious RNA,modulating transcription and translation efficiency,targeting noncoding RNAs,binding and modulating protein activity and editing RNA sequences and modifications.This review emphasizes the concept of an RNA therapeutic toolbox,pinpointing the readers to all the tools available for their desired research and clinical goals.As the field advances,the catalog of RNA therapeutic tools continues to grow,further allowing researchers to combine appropriate RNA technologies with suitable chemical modifications and delivery platforms to develop therapeutics tailored to their specific clinical challenges.

关 键 词：RNA therapeutics delivery of nucleic acids chemical modifications 

分 类 号：R45[医药卫生—治疗学]