High-quality Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense genome assemblies reveal the landscape and evolution of centromeres  

作　　者：Xing Chang Xin He Jianying Li Zhenping Liu Ruizhen Pi Xuanxuan Luo Ruipeng Wang Xiubao Hu Sifan Lu Xianlong Zhang Maojun Wang 

机构地区：[1]National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement,Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,China

出　　处：《Plant Communications》2024年第2期135-150,共16页植物通讯（英文）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32170645);the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFF1000900).

摘　　要：Centromere positioning and organization are crucial for genome evolution;however,research on centro-mere biology is largely influenced by the quality of available genome assemblies.Here,we combined Oxford Nanopore and Pacific Biosciences technologies to de novo assemble two high-quality reference genomes for Gossypium hirsutum(TM-1)and Gossypium barbadense(3-79).Compared with previously published reference genomes,our assemblies show substantial improvements,with the contig N50 improved by 4.6-fold and 5.6-fold,respectively,and thus represent the most complete cotton genomes to date.These high-quality reference genomes enable us to characterize 14 and 5 complete centromeric regions for G.hirsutum and G.barbadense,respectively.Our data revealed that the centromeres of allotetraploid cotton are occupied by members of the centromeric repeat for maize(CRM)and Tekay long terminal repeat families,and the CRM family reshapes the centromere structure of the At subgenome after polyploidization.These two intertwined families have driven the convergent evolution of centromeres between the two subgenomes,ensuring centromere function and genome stability.In addition,the reposi-tioning and high sequence divergence of centromeres between G.hirsutum and G.barbadense have contributed to speciation and centromere diversity.This study sheds light on centromere evolution in a sig-nificant crop and provides an alternative approach for exploring the evolution of polyploid plants.

关 键 词：genome assembly centromere architecture convergent evolution POLYPLOIDIZATION 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]