西江干流肇庆和云浮段近10年水质综合评价及变化趋势  

Water Quality and Change Trend in the Zhaoqing and Yunfu Sections of the Main Stream of the Xijiang River in the Past 10 Years

作　　者：王智先 WANG Zhixian(Zhaoqing Bureau of Guangdong Province Hydroloy Bureau,Zhaoqing 526060,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省水文局肇庆水文分局,广东肇庆526060

出　　处：《广东水利水电》2024年第10期104-110,共7页Guangdong Water Resources and Hydropower

摘　　要：该文研究了西江干流肇庆和云浮段近10 a来的水质及其变化趋势,选取了6个断面15项水质指标进行分析。结果表明:单因子评价显示,2013年和2015年水质类别良好,Ⅰ-Ⅲ类水的比例达到80%以上;其余年份均为轻度污染。在综合评价中,封开、六都水厂、三榕水厂、高要和德庆5个断面的水质情况良好,综合指数均高于85,水质达到良好或合格等级。单因子评价与综合污染评价存在差异的原因是河段水主要受粪大肠杆菌、TP和DO超标影响。此外,在长期观察中发现,水库断面存在粪大肠杆菌、TP和DO超标情况,并且这些浓度波动具有一定程度的中等变异性。粪大肠杆菌的超标与流量、温度和养殖业和城镇生活中粪便排放有关;TP受到养殖业、种植业、城镇生活和降雨多方面的影响;溶解氧主要受到温度和水生生物的影响。In this paper,the water quality and its change trend in the Zhaoqing and Yunfu sections of the main stream of the Xijiang River in the past ten years were studied,and 15 water quality indicators in 6 sections were selected for analysis.The results showed that the single-factor evaluation showed that the water quality category was good in 2013 and 2015,and the proportion of Class I.-Ⅲ.water reached more than 80%.The rest of the years were mildly polluted.In the comprehensive evaluation,the comprehensive water quality of the five sections of Fengkai,Liudu Water Plant,Sanrong Water Plant,Gaoyao and Deqing was good,the comprehensive pollution index was higher than 85,and the water quality reached the qualified or basically qualified grade.The reason for the difference between the single-factor evaluation and the comprehensive pollution evaluation is that the water in the river section is mainly affected by the excessive fecal E.coli,TP and DO.In addition,in long-term observation,it was found that there were excessive levels of fecal E.coli,TP and DO in the reservoir section,and these concentration fluctuations had a certain degree of moderate variability.The excessive standard of fecal E.coli is related to flow rate,temperature and fecal discharge from aquaculture and urban life;TP is affected by aquaculture,planting,urban life and rainfall;Dissolved oxygen is mainly affected by temperature and aquatic organisms.

关 键 词：河段水质 主要污染物 综合评价 变化趋势 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]