含降冰片烯大体积脂环结构聚酰亚胺的制备及性能  

Preparation and properties of polyimide with a large volume aliphatic ring structure containing norbornene

作　　者：李亮荣 周浩 陈越宇 徐英姿 杨星辉 熊磊 LI Liangrong;ZHOU Hao;CHEN Yueyu;XU Yingzi;YANG Xinghui;XIONG lei(Fuzhou Medical College of Nanchang University,Fuzhou 344000,China;School of Pharmacy,Nanchang Medical College,Nanchang 330004,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学抚州医学院,江西抚州344000 [2]南昌医学院药学院,南昌330004

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2024年第10期27-33,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ2203521);抚州市科技指导项目(20220906);南昌大学抚州医学院科技项目(fykj202403)。

摘　　要：以降冰片烯二酸酐为引入脂环结构的原料,设计合成含降冰片烯大体积脂环结构单元的新型二胺和二酐单体,分别与传统二酐和二胺通过缩聚制备了新型半脂环聚酰亚胺材料PIA和PIB。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱、核磁共振波谱进行结构分析,结果表明降冰片烯大体积脂环结构单元被成功引入到了传统芳香聚酰亚胺(PIC)分子链中;测试了引入大脂环结构单元对聚酰亚胺溶解性和疏水性的影响,结果表明降冰片烯大体积脂环结构的引入能显著增强聚酰亚胺粉末在常见溶剂中的溶解性,且PIB粉末的溶解可加工性优于PIA粉末;同时这种大脂环结构还能克服其薄膜材料吸湿率较高的缺陷,PIB膜的吸湿率略低于PIA膜,分别为0.77%和0.82%,两者吸湿率远低于PIC薄膜的1.54%;热稳定性和力学性能测试发现,PIA和PIB薄膜的5%热分解温度(T5%)均低于传统全芳香结构PIC的560℃,且PIB的T5%(381℃)低于PIA(405℃);PIA和PIB薄膜在室温25℃下的拉伸强度较PIC薄膜有所降低,分别为85 MPa和79 MPa,但断裂伸长率较PIC的3.5%有所升高,分别为5.9%和6.4%。以上试验结果表明,在提高PI薄膜溶解加工性和疏水性的同时,其热稳定性和力学性能依旧能满足某些领域的应用。A new type of diamine and dianhydride monomer containing a large volume aliphatic ring structural unit of norbornene were designed and synthesized by using norbornene as the raw material for the introduction of aliphatic ring structure,and the new hemicyclic polyimide materials PIA and PIB were prepared by polycondensation with traditional dianhydride and diamine,respectively.Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum were used for structural analysis.The results show that norbornene large-volume aliphatic ring structural units are successfully introduced into the traditional aromatic polyimide(PIC)molecular chain.At the same time,the effect of the introduction of large aliphatic ring structural units on the solubility and hydrophobic properties of aromatic polyimide was tested,and the results show that the introduction of norbornene large-volume aliphatic ring structure can significantly enhance the solubility of traditional aromatic polyimide powder in common solvents,and at the same time can overcome the defect of high moisture absorption rate of thin-film material,and PIB is slightly lower than that of PIA on the moisture absorption rate,which are 0.77%and 0.82%,respectively,and much lower than that of PIC film(1.54%).The thermal stability test and the mechanical properties test show that the 5%thermal decomposition temperature(T5%)of PIA and PIB films are lower than that of the traditional PIC(560℃)with full aromatic structure,and the T5%of PIB(381℃)is lower than that of PIA(405℃).In addition,the tensile strength of PIA and PIB films are lower than the PIC film at room temperature(25℃),which are 85 MPa and 79 MPa,respectively,but the elongation at break of PIA and PIB films are higher than the PIC(3.5%),which are 5.9%and 6.4%,respectively.While improving the solubility,processability and hydrophobicity of PI films,the thermal stability and mechanical properties can still meet the needs of some applications.

关 键 词：聚酰亚胺 大体积脂环结构 可加工性 溶解性 疏水性 

分 类 号：TQ323[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]