原位聚合型阻燃抗菌聚酰胺66聚合机理及性能  

Polymerization mechanism and properties of flame-retardant and antibacterial polyamide 66 by in-situ polymerization

作　　者：李相 骆子寅 陈珺娴 冯新星 张华 LI Xiang;LUO Ziyin;CHEN Junxian;FENG Xinxing;ZHANG Hua(Academy of System Engineering,Academy of Military Science,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]军事科学院系统工程研究院,北京100010

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2024年第10期58-65,共8页Engineering Plastics Application

摘　　要：聚酰胺66(PA66)因其良好的力学强度和热稳定性能,成为材料科学领域的重要研究对象。然而,PA66的阻燃和抗菌性能不足制约了其应用范围。因此,笔者通过原位聚合法,以PA66盐为基础,结合反应性阻燃剂[(6-氧代-6H-二苯并(c,e)(1,2)氧磷杂己环-6-基甲基)]丁二酸-己二胺盐(DPDA)和ZnO/Au@Cu_(2)O三元异质结抗菌剂,成功制备了阻燃抗菌改性PA66(FAPA66)。该方法通过一步聚合实现了多功能材料的制备,并详细研究了其聚合机理和性能表现。聚合机理的分析结果显示,FAPA66的活化能为372.95 kJ/mol,较纯PA66的活化能提升了97.56 kJ/mol;同时,FAPA66的表观速率常数为29.3 g/(mol·min),较纯PA66降低了16.2 g/(mol·min)。这表明,在合成FAPA66的过程中,需要通过增加热补偿和延长聚合时间来为共聚反应提供更多的能量,以促进反应的顺利进行并提高聚合物的分子量。在性能测试方面,含有质量分数5%DPDA阻燃剂和0.12%ZnO/Au@Cu_(2)O异质结抗菌剂的PA66材料展现出了较好的阻燃和抗菌性能,极限氧指数达到了30%,并在垂直燃烧测试中达到了V-0级别。此外,抗菌实验结果显示,该材料对大肠杆菌的抗菌率为93.1%,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率达到91.2%。Polyamide 66(PA66)has been an important research subject in materials science due to its excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability.However,the limited flame retardancy and antibacterial properties of PA66 restrict its broader applications.Therefore,a flame-retardant and antibacterial PA66(FAPA66)was successfully prepared via in-situ polymerization,using PA66 salt as the base material and combining reactive flame retardant[(6-oxo-6 h-dibenzo(c,e)(1,2)oxophosphacyclohexyclo-6-methyl)]succinic acid hexanediamine salt(DPDA)with ZnO/Au@Cu_(2)O ternary heterojunction antibacterial agent.The synthesis of multifunctional materials were prepared by one-step polymerization method,and the polymerization mechanism and performance characteristics were thoroughly investigated.Analysises of the polymerization mechanism show that the activation energy of the modified FAPA66 is 372.95 kJ/mol,an increase of 97.56 kJ/mol compared to pure PA66.Meanwhile,the apparent rate constant is 29.3 g/(mol·min),a reduction of 16.2 g/(mol·min)compared to pure PA66.This indicates that additional thermal compensation and extended polymerization time are required to provide more energy for the copolymerization reaction during the synthesis of the FAPA66,thereby promoting the reaction and increasing the molecular weight of the polymer.In terms of performance,PA66 materials containing 5wt%DPDA flame retardant and 0.12wt%ZnO/Au@Cu_(2)O heterojunction antibacterial agent exhibite good flame retardancy and antibacterial properties.Its limiting oxygen index reaches 30%,and achieves a V-0 rating in the vertical burning test.Additionally,antibacterial tests show that the material has a 93.1%antibacterial rate against Escherichia coli and a 91.2%antibacterial rate against Staphylococcus aureus.

关 键 词：聚酰胺66 原位共聚 热力学 动力学 阻燃 抗菌 

分 类 号：TQ322.3[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]