降水和载畜率对短花针茅荒漠草原物种及功能多样性的影响  

Analyzing the influences of precipitation and grazing intensity on species and functional diversity in the desert steppe of Stipa breviflora

作　　者：李江文 房美艳 张晓曦 李彩 裴婧宏 韩国栋 LI Jiangwen;FANG Meiyan;ZHANG Xiaoxi;LI Cai;PEI Jinghong;HAN Guodong(College of Life Sciences,Yan′an University,Yan′an 716000,China;Pratacultural Engineering Research Center of Yan′an City,Yan′an 716000,China;Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of the Ministry of Education of China,Hohhot 010020,China)

机构地区：[1]延安大学生命科学学院,延安716000 [2]延安市草业工程技术研究中心,延安716000 [3]草地资源教育部重点实验室,呼和浩特010020

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第19期8627-8635,共9页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：草地资源可持续利用教育部科技创新团队(IRT_17R59);陕西省自然科学基础研究项目(2021JQ-623)。

摘　　要：物种多样性和功能多样性反映了草地植物群落物种组成和功能的变化,然而影响荒漠草原物种及功能多样性的关键因素尚存争议。以短花针茅荒漠草原为研究对象,系统探讨了载畜率和降水量对物种及功能多样性的影响,结果发现:(1)降水量与群落特征之间呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01),降水量增加将显著促进物种多样性的提升,但对功能多样性产生负面影响(P<0.01);(2)载畜率与植物群落特征之间呈显著的负相关关系(P<0.01),载畜率增加将降低群落物种和功能多样性,但载畜率与物种及功能多样性不存在线性关系(路径系数分别为-0.17和-0.15,但P>0.05);(3)Rao二次熵指数与物种多样性之间表现出显著的正相关线性回归关系(P<0.01),功能丰富度指数与物种多样性指数之间呈现幂指数关系(P<0.01)。功能均匀度指数与Pielou均匀度指数之间呈显著的正相关线性回归关系(P<0.01)。荒漠草原物种及功能多样性变化受到降水、载畜率和群落特征的综合影响,揭示了其对草地生态系统健康和可持续性的重要性。Species and functional diversity reflect the changes in composition and functions of grassland plant communities.However,the key factors affecting species and functional diversity of desert grasslands are still controversial.To reveal the effects of stocking rate and precipitation on species and functional diversity,a survey was conducted in Stipa breviflora desert steppe.The results indicate that:(1)increasing precipitation significantly enhanced the species diversity and there was a significant positive correlation between precipitation and community characteristics(P<0.01),but it had a negative impact on functional diversity(P<0.01),(2)there were significant negative correlations(P<0.01)and no correlation(path coefficients of-0.17 and-0.15,respectively,P>0.05)between stocking rate and plant community characteristics,species diversity,and functional diversity,and increased stocking rates will reduce the species and functional diversity,and(3)the significant positive linear regression relationships were found between Rao′s quadratic entropy index and species diversity(P<0.01),as well as the relationship of functional evenness index and Pielou′s evenness index(P<0.01),and there was a power-law relationship between functional richness index and species diversity(P<0.01).In summary,the changes of species and functional diversity are comprehensively affected by precipitation,stocking rate,and community characteristics in desert grassland.Our study illustrates the importance of precipitation and stocking rates to the health and sustainability in grassland ecosystems.

关 键 词：物种多样性 功能多样性 载畜率 降水 短花针茅荒漠草原 

分 类 号：S812[农业科学—草业科学]