基于叶性状与植株构型性状的园林绿化树种热调节效应研究  

Thermal regulation effect of landscaping tree species based on leaf and architecture traits

作　　者：沈思栋 范舒欣 钱璟 胡昭岩 李涵 赵小玉 杨一泓 董丽 SHEN Sidong;FAN Shuxin;QIAN Jing;HU Zhaoyan;LI Han;ZHAO Xiaoyu;YANG Yihong;DONG Li(College of Landscape Architecture,Beijing Forestry University.Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,城乡生态环境北京实验室,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,北京100083 [2]烟台黄渤海新区自然资源和规划局,烟台264000

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第19期8675-8687,共13页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3802602)。

摘　　要：旨在探究植物热调节效应与其叶性状、构型性状之间的关联,以期为园林绿地热调节效应提升提供科学植物选择依据。以毛白杨、槐、碧桃等24种北京地区常见落叶阔叶树种为研究对象,测定其叶厚度、比叶重等叶性状与株高、树冠高宽比等植株构型性状,以及利用Li-6400XT便携式光合测定系统以及Li-250A光照计测定了植物蒸腾速率、林冠下太阳辐射强度等指标,在此基础上计算树种蒸腾吸热量、太阳辐射削减率等热调节效应指标,分析不同树种相关性状与植物热调节效应指标之间的关系。24种园林绿化树种蒸腾吸热与拦截太阳辐射能力存在显著差异(P<0.05),不同生活型热调节效应总体表现出乔木、小乔木优于灌木。其中,除美国红梣与元宝枫综合热调节能力较强以外,毛白杨、一球悬铃木在单位土地面积蒸腾吸热量方面表现较优,银杏、鸡树条在拦截太阳辐射方面表现较优,紫丁香综合热调节效应最弱。植物叶片蒸腾吸热能力与植物叶片干物质含量、比叶重呈显著正相关(P<0.05),且株高、树木高宽比较高的植株其蒸腾吸热能力较强;叶面积指数、树冠高宽比对植物太阳辐射拦截能力存在显著影响(P<0.05)。被试树种中美国红梣与元宝枫具有较优的综合热调节效应。叶片干物质含量、比叶重等叶性状以及株高、枝下高、树木高宽比等构型性状是指示或影响绿化树种热调节效应的重要因素。This study aims to explore the relationship between plant thermal regulation effects and their leaf traits and architecture traits,in order to provide a scientific basis for selecting plants for enhanced thermal regulation effects in urban green spaces.The study focused on 24 common deciduous broad-leaved tree species in Beijing,such as Populus tomentosa,Sophora japonica,and Prunus persica‘Duplex’.It involved measuring leaf traits like leaf thickness and leaf mass per area,as well as architectural traits including plant height and crown height-to-width ratio.Additionally,the Li-6400XT Portable Photosynthesis System and the Li-250A Light Meter were utilized to determine indices such as plant transpiration rate and solar radiation intensity beneath the canopy.Based on these measurements,heat regulation indices like heat absorption and solar radiation reduction rate were calculated.The study analyzed the relationship between these indices and the relevant traits of different tree species.Significant differences(P<0.05)were found in the transpiration heat absorption and solar radiation interception capabilities among the 24 greening tree species.Overall,tree and small tree life forms showed better thermal regulation effects than shrubs.In particular,Fraxinus pennsylvanica and Acer truncatum demonstrated strongly comprehensive thermal regulation capabilities.Besides these two species,Populus tomentosa and Koelreuteria paniculata excelled in transpiration heat absorption per unit land area,while Ginkgo biloba and Sophora japonica performed well in intercepting solar radiation.Syringa oblata showed weaker comprehensive thermal regulation effects.The leaf transpiration heat absorption ability was significantly positively correlated with leaf dry matter content and leaf mass per area(P<0.05),and plants with greater height and higher tree height-to-width ratio had stronger transpiration heat absorption capacity.Leaf area index and crown height-to-width ratio significantly influenced the plant′s ability to intercept s

关 键 词：园林绿化树种 降温增湿 遮荫 植物功能性状 叶性状 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]