供需视角下农业文化遗产生态价值旅游实现策略--以内蒙古敖汉旱作农业系统为例  

Tourism realization strategy of ecological value of agricultural heritage from the perspective of supply and demand:a case study of Aohan Dryland Farming System

作　　者：苏明明 董航宇 宝林佳 徐峰 张永波 王梦晗 王亚楠[1] 张梦真 刘海庆 靳敏[1] SU Mingming;DONG Hangyu;BAO Linjia;XU Feng;ZHANG Yongbo;WANG Menghan;WANG Yanan;ZHANG Mengzhen;LIU Haiqing;JIN Min(School of Ecology&Environment,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;Government of Aohan County,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Chifeng 024300,China;Agricultural Heritage Protection Center of Aohan County,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Chifeng 024300,China;Government of Xinglongwa Township,Aohan County,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Chifeng 024323,China;Xinglongwa Eco-millet Cultivation Farmers′Specialized Cooperative,Aohan County,Chifeng,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,Chifeng 024323,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学生态环境学院,北京100872 [2]内蒙古自治区赤峰市敖汉旗人民政府,赤峰024300 [3]内蒙古自治区赤峰市敖汉旗农业遗产保护中心,赤峰024300 [4]内蒙古自治区赤峰市敖汉旗兴隆洼镇人民政府,赤峰024323 [5]内蒙古自治区赤峰市敖汉旗兴隆洼小米生态种植农民专业合作社,赤峰024323

出　　处：《生态学报》2024年第19期8812-8825,共14页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国人民大学亚洲研究中心项目(22YYA06)。

摘　　要：全球重要农业文化遗产是具有丰富生态价值,体现人地和谐关系的遗产系统。旅游发展是推动农业文化遗产地动态保护和生态价值实现的重要方式。然而符合供需双方需求,能够充分实现农业文化遗产生态价值的旅游发展模式还有待进一步探索。从供需视角出发,以敖汉旱作农业系统为例,采用半结构访谈和问卷调查的研究方法,测度社区居民和游客的生态价值认知、旅游参与意愿及需求,并基于此提出遗产地生态价值的旅游实现策略。研究发现:(1)供需双方对遗产地的生态价值总体认知较低;(2)游客对品尝当地美食、生态小米品尝和销售、博物馆表现出较强的参与意愿,对农家乐、品尝当地美食、休闲度假及研学活动表现出较强的支付意愿;(3)社区居民对传统食宿为主的旅游方式参与意愿较高,但个人生计资产及能力,组织模式和利益分配机制缺乏是制约社区参与的主要因素。依据上述结果,提出了拓展生态价值解说的广度和深度、丰富旅游产品以推动供需匹配和建立合作社带动的社区旅游参与模式这三条促进敖汉旱作农业系统生态价值旅游实现的建议。研究基于供需关系拓展了农业文化遗产地生态价值旅游实现的研究视角,能够为敖汉及其他农业文化遗产系统的动态保护及可持续旅游发展提供参考。Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)is a type of heritage with rich ecological and socio-cultural values,which reflects the long-term harmonious relationship between people and land.Tourism development has been recognized as an important strategy to promote the dynamic conservation and the realization of the ecological value of such heritage systems.However,how tourism can be formed to meet the needs of both the supply and the demand of tourism and to fully realize the ecological value of agricultural heritage systems remains to be further explored.From an integrated perspective of supply and demand,this paper takes Aohan Dryland Farming System,a designated GIAHS in the Inner Mongolian of China,as an example.Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were engaged for data collection,including semi-structured interviews with residents and the village management and questionnaire surveys with residents and tourists.Recognition of the ecological value of Aohan Dryland Farming System,willingness to participate in tourism,and needs of community residents and tourists are measured and compared.Drawing on research results,strategies to realize the ecological value of agricultural heritage systems through tourism are identified.Three key results are identified in the study.(1)Both residents and tourists demonstrate low overall recognition of the ecological value of Aohan Dryland Farming System.(2)Tourists show stronger willingness to participate in local food tasting,ecological millet tasting and purchasing,and museum visitation.In terms of their willingness to pay,farmhouse accommodation,tasting local foods,leisure activities,and educational activities are ranked high.(3)Community residents have higher willingness to participate in providing traditional food and accommodation services for tourists.Individual livelihood assets and capacities,organizational models and the distribution of benefits are recognized as the main factors restricting effective community participation.Based on the above

关 键 词：农业文化遗产 生态价值 生态系统服务 旅游 敖汉旱作农业系统 

分 类 号：G127[文化科学] F327[经济管理—产业经济] F592.7