高频超声在儿童腹型过敏性紫癜的诊断价值及声像图特征分析  

Diagnostic value of high-frequency ultrasound in children with abdominal allergic purpura and analysis of its sonographic features

作　　者：陈静[1] 都雯雯 庞雅聪 Chen Jing;Du Wenwen;Pang Yacong(Department of Ultrasound,the Third People′s Hospital of Luohe(Luohe Maternal and Child Health Hospital),Henan 462000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省漯河市第三人民医院(漯河市妇幼保健院)超声科,462000

出　　处：《实用医学影像杂志》2024年第5期384-388,共5页Journal of Practical Medical Imaging

摘　　要：目的应用高频超声分析对儿童腹型过敏性紫癜的诊断价值及声像图特征。方法研究对象为2020年8月至2023年8月于我院收治的92例腹型过敏性紫癜患儿,患儿入院后均行高频超声检查,通过探头对患儿肠壁肠管情况、回声及肠壁血供等进行探查,分析声像图特征。根据大便隐血试验结果将患儿分为消化道出血组(51例)和无消化道出血组(41例),对比2组患儿影像学特征中肠壁增厚情况,进一步分析高频超声的诊断价值。结果92例患儿中,76例(83%)患儿具有特异性声像图特征,表现为肠壁存在程度不一的厚度增加,以节段性、广泛性为主要特征,肠壁回声降低,小肠为主要病变位置,黏膜下层的厚度明显增加,短轴变化明显,横切时呈“面包圈”征,纵切时呈“玉米”征;彩色多普勒超声血流显像(CDFI)结果显示,相较于正常肠壁,厚度增加的肠壁的血流信号增多。92例患儿中,盆腹腔积液及肠套叠的例数分别为18例和2例,多数患儿伴有肠系膜淋巴结增大表现。比较2组患儿肠壁增厚情况,消化道出血患儿发生率更高(P<0.05)。结论高频超声在儿童腹型过敏性紫癜的诊断中具有较高的应用价值,声像图特征较为典型,能够有效探查腹腔肠壁情况,且具有无创、可重复性等优势,患儿及家属接受度高,具有一定应用价值。Objective To analyze the diagnostic value and imaging characteristics of high-frequency ultrasound in children with abdominal allergic purpura.Methods The study subjects were 92 children with abdominal-type allergic purpura admitted to our hospital from August 2020 to August 2023.After admission,all children underwent a high-frequency ultrasound examination.The condition,echo,and blood supply of the intestinal wall in the children were explored using a probe,and the characteristics of the ultrasound images were analyzed.Ninety-two pediatric patients underwent fecal occult blood tests and were divided into a group with gastrointestinal bleeding(n=51)and a group without gastrointestinal bleeding(n=41)based on the results of fecal ocult blood tests.The imaging features of intestinal wall thickening were compared to further analyze the diagnostic value of high-frequency ultrasound.Results Among the 92 pediatric patients,76 cases(83%)had specific ultrasound features,characterized by varying degrees of increased thickness of the intestinal wall,mainly characterized by segmental and extensive features,reduced intestinal wall echo.The small intestine was the main lesion site,and the thickness of the submucosal layer significantly increased,with significant changes in the short axis,when cutting horizontally,it showed a"donut"sign,and when cutting vertically,it showed a"corn sign";The results of color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI)showed that compared to normal intestinal wall,an increase in thickness resulted in more blood flow signals in the intestinal wall.Among the 92 pediatric patients,there were 18 cases with pelvic and abdominal fluid accumulation and 2 cases with intussusception,respectively.Most of the patients had symptoms such as enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes and enhanced echogenicity.The incidence of intestinal wall thickening was higher in children with gastrointestinal bleeding compared to two groups of children(P<0.05).Conclusion High-frequency ultrasound has high application value in the diagnosis of abdomin

关 键 词：超声检查 儿童 腹型过敏性紫癜 声像图特征 

分 类 号：R445.1[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R725.5[医药卫生—诊断学]