环境参数对纸质文物病害作用及其光纤光谱在线检测技术  

Adverse effects of environmental parameters on paper cultural relics and fiber-optic spectral online detection technology

作　　者：余秋会 曾檀 解泉华 黄建[2,3,4] 刘扬 钟年丙 唐欢 YU Qiuhui;ZENG Tan;XIE Quanhua;HUANG Jian;LIU Yang;ZHONG Nianbing;TANG Huan(Key Scientific Research Base of Pest and Mold Control of Heritage Collection(Chongqing China Three Gorges Museum),National Cultural Heritage Administration,Chongqing 400015,China;Chongqing Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensor and Photoelectric Detection(Chongqing University of Technology),Chongqing 400054,China;Chongqing Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Optical Fiber Sensing Technology(Chongqing University of Technology),Chongqing 400054,China;Meishan Sansu Temple Museum,Meishan 620010,China)

机构地区：[1]馆藏文物有害生物控制研究国家文物局重点科研基地(重庆中国三峡博物馆),重庆400015 [2]光纤传感与光电检测重庆市重点实验室(重庆理工大学),重庆400054 [3]智能光纤感知技术重庆市高校工程研究中心(重庆理工大学),重庆400054 [4]眉山三苏祠博物馆,四川眉山620010

出　　处：《文物保护与考古科学》2024年第5期104-113,共10页Sciences of Conservation and Archaeology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2020YFC1522500);重庆市自然科学基金创新发展联合基金项目(CSTB2022NSCQ-LZX0059);重庆市教委科学技术研究重大项目(KJZD-M202201101);重庆市高校创新研究群体项目(CXQT21035);四川省科技计划重点研发项目(2023YFS0455)资助。

摘　　要：为了探索光照、湿度、CO_(2)体积分数对纸质文物病害作用,搭建了环境参数病害纸质样品实验系统,构建了光纤光谱传感器及其检测系统。实验研究表明:蓝紫光和红光对纸质文物病害作用强度高于黄光,纸质样品经蓝紫光和红光辐射后由于热效应导致纤维素发生光分解反应;低湿度作用后纤维素收缩,高湿度作用后在样品表面滋生大量霉菌发生腐蚀侵蚀生化反应;高体积分数CO_(2)作用使纤维素发生酸解反应,导致纸质样品形貌特征发生变化、抗张强度降低、热稳定性降低。纸质样品病害发生后,光纤光谱传感器输出信号在275 nm出现了特征吸收峰;当纸质样品表面附着有霉菌微生物时,特征吸收峰漂移至300 nm。26℃、黄光、相对湿度55%和低CO_(2)体积分数的环境有利于保存纸质样品。In order to explore the effects of illumination,humidity and carbon dioxide volume fraction on paper cultural relics in terms of diseases,an experimental system for environmental parameters and diseased paper samples was established,and a fiber-optic spectral sensor and its detection system were also constructed.The experimental results show that 1)the adverse effects of blue-violet light and red light on the paper samples were stronger than that of yellow light—the paper samples irradiated by the blue-violet light and red light suffered from the photochemical decomposition of cellulose due to a thermal effect;2)after the treatment at low humidity,the cellulose of paper samples shrank;after the treatment at high humidity,a large number of molds grew on the sample surface,causing corrosion and biochemical reactions;3)the acid hydrolysis reaction of cellulose in paper samples under the action of high volume fraction of carbon dioxide caused the morphological characteristic changes of paper samples,and decrease of both tensile strength and thermal stability.After the diseases of the paper samples occurred,the output signal of the fiber optic spectral sensor showed a characteristic absorption peak at 275 nm;when mold microorganisms were attached to the paper sample surface,the characteristic absorption peak shifted to 300 nm.The results highlight that a temperature of 26℃,yellow light,relative humidity of 55%,and a low volume fraction of carbon dioxide were beneficial to the preservation of paper cultural relics.

关 键 词：纸质文物 光照 湿度 CO_(2)体积分数 病害作用 光纤光谱传感器 

分 类 号：K876.9[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]