高等植物启动子元件鉴定与合成研究进展  

Advances in Identification and Synthesis of Promoter Elements in Higher Plants

作　　者：宋想 王璐瑶 富博晓 李双达 魏媛媛 洪艳 戴思兰[1] Xiang Song;Luyao Wang†;Boxiao Fu;Shuangda Li;Yuanyuan Wei;Yan Hong*;Silan Dai(Beijing Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plants Germplasm Innovation and Molecular Breeding,National Engineering Research Center for Floriculture,Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment,Key Laboratory of Genetics and Breeding in Forest Tree and Ornamental Plants of Ministry of Education,School of Landscape and Architecture,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学园林学院,林木花卉遗传育种教育部重点实验室,城乡生态环境北京实验室,花卉种质创新与分子育种北京市重点实验室,国家花卉工程技术研究中心,北京100083

出　　处：《植物学报》2024年第5期691-708,共18页Chinese Bulletin of Botany

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(No.6222043);国家自然科学基金(No.32271946);北京林业大学“5·5工程”科研创新团队项目(No.BLRC2023A06)。

摘　　要：启动子是高等植物中驱动基因表达不可或缺的重要调控序列。启动子元件的不同功能是导致基因表达效率和时空特异性差异的根本原因,鉴定其结构和功能对理解植物生长发育进程、环境胁迫反应和进化发育均具有重要意义。随着高通量测序技术、人工智能和合成生物学的发展,鉴定植物顺式作用元件组,将符合设计需求的元件构建成人工调控元件的技术已逐渐兴起,这些技术为分子育种中高效、精准和多样的基因调控奠定了基础。该文以启动子元件在分子设计中的重构应用为导向,介绍了高等植物启动子的详细结构和功能,及顺式作用元件的鉴定方法,系统梳理了27类共计174个已鉴定到的诱导型和组织特异性元件及其应用。据此,提出其设计方向和方法,旨在为高等植物基因工程启动子元件的研究现状、发掘方法和重新设计提供指导,提升分子设计育种中目的基因的表达效率和准确性。Promoter is an indispensable regulatory sequence for driving gene expression in higher plants.Different promoter elements cause diverse driving efficiency and space-time specificity.Identifying the structures and functions of promoter elements contributes to a better understanding of the growth and development,multi-stress tolerance,and evolution of plants.With the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies,artificial intelligence and synthetic biology,the techniques for identifying cis-acting elements and constructing artificial biological components that meet the design requirements has gradually emerged,providing a foundation for efficient,precise,and diverse gene regulation in molecular breeding.This article targets on the application of promoter reconstruction in molecular design,introducing the detailed structure and function of higher plant promoters and the methods of cis-acting element identification.We summarized a total of 174 inducible,tissue-specific promoter elements in 27 categories and their applications on artificial modification and synthesis.At the end,we proposed the future directions and methods of the promoter designs.This review will be helpful for the further functional analyses of promoters in higher plants and their applications on molecular design breeding.

关 键 词：启动子 顺式作用元件 诱导型 组织特异性 人工合成启动子 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]