豫南油茶林土壤养分化学计量及评价——以光山县为例  

Soil Nutrient Stoichiometry and Evaluation of Camellia Oleifera Forests in Southern Henan Province:The Case of Guangshan County

作　　者：卜付军 段传宏 朱振飞 卜菀萌 刘亚丽 余开慧 钱红阳 周宁宁 孙玲 周亚运 张辉 简波 BU Fujun;DUAN Chuanhong;ZHU Zhenfei;BU Wanmeng;LIU Yali;YU Kaihui;QIAN Hongyang;ZHOU Ningning;SUN Ling;ZHOU Yayun;ZHANG Hui;JIAN Bo(The Forest Science Research Institute of Xinyang,Xinyang 464031,China;Xinyang Academy of Ecological Research,Xinyang 464000,China;Xinyang Agriculture and Forestry University,Xinyang 464000,China;Henan Forestry Ecological Construction Development Center,Zhengzhou 450000,China;State-owned Xinyang Pingqiao Tianmushan Forest Farm,Xinyang 464000,China;Guangshan County Forestry Technical Workstation,Guangshan 465400,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳市林业科学研究所,河南信阳464031 [2]信阳市生态研究院,河南信阳464000 [3]信阳农林学院,河南信阳464000 [4]河南省林业生态建设发展中心,河南郑州450000 [5]国有信阳平桥天目山林场,河南信阳464000 [6]光山县林业技术工作站,河南光山465400

出　　处：《信阳师范学院学报（自然科学版）》2024年第4期421-427,561,共8页Journal of Xinyang Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑项目专项项目(2009BADB1B010209);河南省重大科技专项项目(171100110400);信阳市科技创新专项项目(20190031);信阳生态研究院重点项目(2023XYZD05);信阳生态研究院开放基金项目(2023XYQN21)。

摘　　要：为提升信阳油茶产量与品质,促进油茶林地平衡施肥,基于光山县10个油茶林样点,在[0,10)cm、[10,20)cm、[20,40)cm、[40,60)cm等4个土壤剖面深度分层取样,分析pH、全氮含量、水解性氮含量、全磷含量、速效钾含量、全钾含量等指标,并提出油茶园土壤养分评价标准,对样点土壤养分状况进行评价分级。结果显示:土壤pH值波动小(4.40~6.40);全氮含量波动大且偏低(0.021%~0.211%),仅10%达Ⅰ级油茶林地标准;水解性氮和速效钾含量适中,分别有10%、70%达Ⅰ、Ⅱ级;有效磷含量变异极大,仅10%满足Ⅰ级;全磷含量普遍Ⅲ级;全钾含量较优,50%符合Ⅰ、Ⅱ级标准。结合调查结果,建议对养分评级高的油茶林地,应注重合理施肥,保持土壤养分的平衡;对于中、低养分等级林地,应加大施肥力度,提高土壤养分含量,且对新老不同油茶林地进行有针对性的施肥和管理。In order to improve the yield and quality of Camellia oleifera in Xinyang and promote the balanced fertilization of C.oleifera woodland,based on 10 C.oleifera forest sample sites in Guangshan county,four soil profile depth stratified samples of[0,10)cm,[10,20)cm,[20,40)cm and[40,60)cm were collected,the indexes of pH,total nitrogen,hydrolyzed nitrogen,total phosphorus,quick-acting potassium,etc.were analyzed,and the evaluation standard of soil nutrient in oil tea plantation were proposed to evaluate and classify soil nutrient status in the sample sites.The soil nutrient evaluation standard was proposed to evaluate and grade the soil nutrient status of the sample points.The results showed that:Soil pH fluctuated little(4.40~6.40),total nitrogen content fluctuated greatly and was low(0.021%~0.211%),and only 10%reached the standard of GradeⅠoil tea woodland;hydrolyzable nitrogen and quick-acting potassium content was moderate,with 10%and 70%reaching the GradeⅠandⅡ,respectively;The effective phosphorus was extremely variable,with only 10%meeting the GradeⅠ;Total phosphorus was generally of GradeⅢ,and the content of total potassium was better,with 50%meeting the GradeⅠandⅡstandards.Combined with the results of the survey,it is suggested that,for oil tea woodlands with high nutrient ratings,the reasonable fertilization should be emphasized to maintain the balance of soil nutrients;for medium-and low-nutrient-rated woodlands,fertilizer application should be intensified to increase soil nutrient content,and the targeted fertilization and management should be carried out on new and old different oil tea woodlands.

关 键 词：油茶 土壤养分 评价 土壤剖面 光山县 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]