基于风热环境评估的平顶山城市通风廊道构建  

Construction of Urban Ventilation Corridors in the Pingdingshan City Based on Wind-and Thermal-Environment Assessments

作　　者：潘攀[1,2] 李凤秀 朱业玉[1,2] 许蓬蓬[1,2] 梁鑫 PAN Pan;LI Fengxiu;ZHU Yeyu;XU PengPeng;LIANG Xin(Climate Center of Henan Province,Zhengzhou 450003;Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Support and Application Technology of Henan Province,China Meteorological Administration,Zhengzhou 450003;Henan Urban Planning and Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou 450044)

机构地区：[1]河南省气候中心,郑州450003 [2]中国气象局河南省农业气象保障与应用技术重点开发实验室,郑州450003 [3]河南省城乡规划设计研究总院股份有限公司,郑州450044

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2024年第5期629-642,共14页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：河南省科技研发计划联合基金项目232103810098;河南省科技攻关242102320008。

摘　　要：城市通风廊道以提升城市的空气流动性、缓解城市热岛效应和改善人体舒适度为目的,为城市引入新鲜冷湿空气而构建的通道,目前已在世界各国城市中得到广泛应用。本研究利用平顶山市及周边地区气象站观测资料、卫星遥感数据、基础地理信息资料,并结合城市规划,采用数理统计、地表温度反演、地理信息系统技术,综合分析平顶山城市风环境、城市热岛及绿源的分布并评估地表通风潜力,在此基础上初步构建平顶山市城市通风廊道。结果表明:(1)受地形与季风气候共同作用,平顶山市主导风向以西北风、东北风和南风为主,且存在季节差异;(2)平顶山市的城市热岛空间上呈多中心分布,热岛强度由中心城区向周围递减;城市绿源主要分布在城市周边,可为主城区引入新鲜空气;(3)基于城市地表粗糙度、天空开阔度等因子综合评估城市通风潜力,初步构建平顶山市“六主十次”的城市通风廊道系统格局。Urban ventilation corridors are constructed to introduce fresh air into cities,aiming to enhance air circulation,alleviate the urban thermal environment,and improve human comfort.These corridors have been widely used in cities all around the world.Based on meteorological station observation data,satellite remote sensing data,basic geographic information,and Pingdingshan City urban planning,we analyzed the wind environment,urban heat island(UHI),natural cold sources,and ventilation potential of the city by employing mathematical statistics,land surface temperature retrieval systems,geographic information systems,and remote sensing techniques.This analysis facilitated the construction of a preliminary urban ventilation corridor structure.The results of our study indicated the following:(1)the dominant winds in Pingdingshan City primarily originated from the northwest,northeast,and south.(2)The spatial distribution of UHI was multicentric,with its intensity diminishing from the center toward the outskirts.Urban natural cold sources,mainly distributed around the city,introduced fresh air into the urban center.(3)Based on a comprehensive assessment of urban ventilation potential,urban surface roughness,and sky view factor,we developed a corridor system comprising“six main and ten secondary corridors”in Pingdingshan City.

关 键 词：城市通风廊道 风环境 热环境 通风潜力 

分 类 号：P463.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]