数字时代基于电子数据的侦查程序问题研究  

A Study on Investigation Procedures Based on Electronic Data in the Digital Era

作　　者：张思晗 Zhang Sihan(School of Criminal Justice,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei,430073)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学刑事司法学院,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《山东警察学院学报》2024年第3期71-78,共8页Journal of Shandong Police College

基　　金：2022年国家社科基金重大项目“数字时代总体国家安全观的理论深化和实践逻辑研究”(项目编号:22ZDA120);中南财经政法大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(项目编号:202410716)的研究成果。

摘　　要：信息技术的发展是一把“双刃剑”,一方面,其推动社会整体进步,提升侦查技术水平和能力;另一方面,信息技术和犯罪的结合也给侦查机关带来了全新的挑战。电子数据在案件侦办中重要性的大幅提升促使侦查机关在实践中进行实用主义的创新,也对现行刑事司法框架下的侦查权造成了一定的冲击。跨境取证的需求、电子取证及时性以及第三方参与侦查协助等都迫切要求侦查权实现数字化转型。实体法和程序法的立法不协同导致实践中被广泛使用的数字化侦查措施缺乏必要的程序法规制,致使数字“权利—权力”的二元互动不顺畅。应当以“权利—权力”再平衡为核心,重塑数字“权利—权力”的二元互动关系,探索建立数字公私合作体系来提升电子取证效率,坚持比例原则,以目的正当性、适当性、均衡性为核心指导电子取证活动。The development of information technology is a“double-edged sword”.On one hand,it pro-motes social progress and enhances investigation techniques and capabilities.On the other hand,the conver-gence of information technology and crime poses new challenges for investigative agencies.The increasing im-portance of electronic data in case investigations has driven investigative agencies to adopt pragmatic innova-tions in practice,impacting the investigative powers under existing criminal justice framework.The demands for cross-border evidence collection,the timeliness of electronic evidence,and third-party assistance in inves-tigation urgently call for the digital transformation of investigative powers.The lack of coordination between substantive and procedural laws has led to the widespread use of digital investigative measures without necessa-ry procedural regulations,disrupting the interaction between digital“rights”and“powers”.To address this issue,we shall focus on a rebalancing of“rights”and“powers”and reshape the interaction between them.This involves exploring the establishment of a digital public-private cooperation system to enhance the efficien-cy of electronic evidence collection.We shall adhere to the principle of proportionality,legitimacy,appropri-ateness,and balance in electronic evidence collection work.

关 键 词：电子数据 刑事侦查 数字化转型 信息权保障 比例原则 

分 类 号：D918[政治法律—法学]