三种方法诱导福建牡蛎三倍体的比较研究  

A Comparison of Three Triploid Induction Methods in Crassostrea angulate

作　　者：陆莉莉 高云云 徐成勋 李琪[1,2] Lu Lili;Gao Yunyun;Xu Chengxun;Li Qi(Key Laboratory of Mariculture(Ocean University of China),Ministry of Education,Qingdao 266003,China;Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes,Laoshan Laboratory,Qingdao 266237,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖教育部重点实验室(中国海洋大学),山东青岛266003 [2]崂山实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2024年第11期157-164,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：山东省农业良种工程项目(2022LZGCQY010,2021LZGC027)资助。

摘　　要：为筛选出福建牡蛎(Crassostrea angulata)三倍体最佳诱导条件,本研究探讨了细胞松弛素B(CB)、6-二甲基氨基嘌呤(6-DMAP)和低渗三种诱导方法在不同的盐度浓度、诱导持续时间和起始诱导时间条件下对幼虫卵裂率、孵化率、三倍体率和综合评价指数的影响,并分析了幼虫的生长和存活情况。研究显示,受精15 min后,用0.5 mg/L CB持续处理20 min,三倍体诱导效果最佳,三倍体率为83.63%~96.16%,综合评价指数为61.19%~69.84%;受精17 min后,用60 mg/L 6-DMAP持续处理20 min,三倍体诱导效果最佳,三倍体率为66.97%~74.85%,综合评价指数为36.61%~47.24%;受精17 min后,用盐度12持续处理20 min,三倍体诱导效果最佳,三倍体率为73.16%~86.39%,综合评价指数为42.13%~56.28%。培育至21日龄时,CB、6-DMAP和低渗诱导的幼虫存活率分别为15.12%、20.97%和22.11%,均低于对照组57.83%。CB处理组幼虫壳高均值(307.22μm)显著高于对照组(286.9μm)(P<0.05),6-DMAP处理组(293.00μm)和低渗处理组(290.51μm)高于对照组但不显著(P>0.05),三倍体率分别为50.63%、44.29%和38.31%。综合比较这三种方法,CB诱导法更适用于诱导福建牡蛎三倍体,其在三倍体率、综合评价指数、生长速度等方面效果较好。In order to determine the best condition for the triploid induction of Crassostrea angulata,we investigated the effect of three induction methods including cytochalasin B(CB),6-dimethylaminopurine(6-DMAP)and hypotonic treatments on the cleavage rate,hatching rate,triploid rate and evaluation index of larvae at different salinities,induction durations and initial induction times,and analyzed the growth and survival performance of larvae.Fifteen minutes after fertilization,a continuous treatment with 0.5 mg/L CB for 20 min resulted in a high triploid rate varying between 83.63%and 96.16%,and an evaluation index ranging from 61.19%to 69.84%.Seventeen minutes after fertilization,a continuous treatment with 60 mg/L 6-DMAP for 20 min resulted in the best triploid induction effect;the triploid rate varied between 66.97%and 74.85%and evaluation index ranged from 36.61%to 47.24%.Seventeen minutes after fertilization,a continuous treatment at salinity 12 for 20 minutes resulted in the best triploid induction effect;the triploid rate varied between 73.16%and 86.39%,and the evaluation index ranged from 42.13%to 56.28%.At the age of 21 d,the survival rate of larvae induced by CB,6-DMAP and hypotonic treatments was 15.12%,20.97%,and 22.11%,respectively,lower than that of control(57.83%).The average larval shell height(307.22μm)of CB treatment was significantly higher than that of the control(286.91μm)(P<0.05)while that of 6-DMAP treatment(293.00μm)and hypotonic treatment(290.51μm)was higher than that of control but not significantly(P>0.05).The triploid rate was 50.63%,44.29%and 38.31%,respectively.Comprehensively,CB induction method was more suitable for inducing triploid in C.angulate;it showed better triploid rate,evaluation index and growth rate.

关 键 词：福建牡蛎 三倍体 细胞松弛素B 6-二甲基氨基嘌呤 低渗 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]