广州市福利机构学龄脑性瘫痪儿童营养状况及相关因素分析  

Analysis of nutritional status and related factors of school-aged children with cerebral palsy in a welfare institution of Guangzhou

作　　者：陈静仪 肖嘉琪 郭峰 梁荃佺 杨杰文 CHEN Jingyi;XIAO Jiaqi;GUO Feng;LIANG Quanquan;YANG Jiewen(Guangzhou Social Welfare Institute,Guangzhou(510000),Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]广州市社会福利院,广东510000

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第9期1238-1241,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：广州市“岭南英杰工作”第二梯队后备人才项目(穗人社函[2019]928号);2022年度广州市民政科技基金课题揭榜挂帅技术攻关项目(2022MZK02)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨学龄脑性瘫痪(简称“脑瘫”)儿童营养不良发生状况及相关因素分析,为相关机构制定有针对性的政策提供参考依据。方法 2023年7—8月,采用整群抽样方法抽取广州市市级福利机构内333名6~18岁学龄脑瘫儿童和960名其他疾病儿童为研究对象,测量身高和体重并分析其营养状况。采用多因素Logistic回归分析学龄脑瘫儿童营养不良的相关因素。结果 广州市福利机构学龄脑瘫儿童生长迟缓占比为74.5%,消瘦为17.7%,营养正常为7.2%,超重或肥胖为0.6%;单因素分析结果显示,不同性别、粗大运动功能分级系统(GMFCS)分级、是否存在吞咽障碍学龄脑瘫儿童营养不良的检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为6.02,15.23,32.16,P值均<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,性别(OR=0.37,95%CI=0.15~0.91)、吞咽障碍(OR=4.10,95%CI=1.39~12.12)、GMFCS分级(OR=1.45,95%CI=1.04~3.01)均是学龄脑瘫儿童营养不良的影响因素(P值均<0.05)。结论 广州市福利机构学龄脑瘫儿童营养不良检出率较高,受多种因素影响。应根据学龄脑瘫儿童营养不良的风险因素,制定并实施相应的营养干预措施,以改善其营养状况。Objective To under the prevalence of malnutrition and its associated factors in school-aged children with cerebral palsy,so as to provide a basis for relevant departments to formulate targeted policies.Methods From July to August 2023,the researchers selected 333 children with cerebral palsy and 960 children with other diseases aged 6-18 years who were residents of a social welfare institution in Guangzhou,China.Their height and weight were measured and a nutritional status analysis was carried out using a cluster sampling method.Multivariate Logistic analysis was performed to analyze the relative factors and malnutrition status of school-aged children with cerebral palsy.Results The prevalence of growth retardation among school-aged children with cerebral palsy was 74.5%,with rates of stunting,normal nutrition status,and overweight/obesity being 17.7%,7.2%,and 0.6%,respectively.The results of the univariate analysis revealed statistically significant differences in the detection rate of malnutrition among school-aged children with cerebral palsy based on gender,gross motor function classification system(GMFCS)grading,and the presence of swallowing disorders(χ^(2)=6.02,15.23,32.16,P<0.05).The results of the multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender(OR=0.37,95%CI=0.15-0.91),dysphagia(OR=4.10,95%CI=1.39-12.12),and GMFCS classification(OR=1.45,95%CI=1.04-3.01)were influencing factors of malnutrition(P<0.05).Conclusions The detection rate of malnutrition among children and adolescents with cerebral palsy in welfare institutions was found to be relatively high,and influenced by various factors.Corresponding nutritional interventions should be developed and implemented based on the risk factors of malnutrition in school-aged children with cerebral palsy to improve their nutritional status.

关 键 词：儿童福利 慈善机构 脑性瘫痪 营养状况 回归分析 儿童 

分 类 号：R651.15[医药卫生—外科学] R748[医药卫生—临床医学] R153.2