高职院校不同体质量指数学生学期与假期24h活动行为特点  

Characteristics of 24 h activity behaviors in students with different body mass index for vocational colleges during semesters and vacations

作　　者：王海波[1] 冯伟 刘超[1] WANG Haibo;FENG Wei;LIU Chao(Department of Physical Education,Wuxi Vocational College of Science and Technology,Wuxi(214121),Jiangsu Province,China)

机构地区：[1]无锡职业技术学院体育部,江苏214121

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2024年第9期1334-1339,共6页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目(2023SJYB0970);江苏省职业教育教学改革研究重点资助项目(ZZZ19);无锡职业技术学院社科创新团队项目(SKT2023003)。

摘　　要：目的 探讨不同体质量指数(BMI)高职院校学生学期与假期24 h活动行为成分指标时间变化规律及差异特点,为促进青少年健康生活方式的科学养成提供参考依据。方法 2022年11—12月,采用随机抽样方法抽取无锡市某职业技术学院162名一年级学生为研究对象。根据性别与BMI,将受试者分为男、女生体重偏轻、正常及超重肥胖6组。2023年1,4,7,10月运用迈欧实时心率光电手环、周调查问卷和《Bouchard身体活动日记》,对24 h活动行为成分指标[身体活动(PA)、静态活动(SB)与睡眠行为(SLP)]时间分别进行为期1周的跟踪测量。采用重复测量方差分析分别比较男、女生24 h活动行为成分指标时间的组间差异。结果 重复测量方差分析显示,男、女生PA、MVPA、SB和SLP时间的组别主效应有统计学意义(男生:F值分别为241.62,253.69,210.66,20.09;女生:F值分别为316.36,286.41,277.37,7.68),时间主效应有统计学意义(男生:F值分别为342.72,234.54,77.77,42.80;女生:F值分别为569.74,155.14,95.13,52.67),组别与时间的交互作用也有统计学意义(男生:F值分别为16.63,11.25,8.91,4.01;女生:F值分别为69.49,10.69,18.22,3.89)(P值均<0.01)。事后检验发现,各月份不同BMI组间比较显示,男、女生PA、MVPA时间均是正常组大于超重肥胖组,SB时间均是超重肥胖组大于正常组,差异均有统计学意义;SLP时间除男生10月、女生4月是正常组大于超重肥胖组,其余月份均是超重肥胖组大于正常组,且仅有1和7月的组间差异有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。各BMI组别不同月份比较显示,男、女生均是随着年度内月份的推移,PA、MVPA时间呈现先上升后下降再上升的变化趋势(F_(男)=39.56~386.68,F_(女)=38.97~637.54),SB和SLP时间呈现先下降后上升再下降的变化趋势(F_(男)=6.79~69.25,F_(女)=6.70~162.86),并且学期(4,10月)与假期(1,7月)差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论 高职院校学生24 h活�Objective To explore the characteristics of the patterns and differences in the time of 24 h activity behavior components among vocational college students with different body mass index(BMI)during semester and vacation,so as to provide the reference for optimizing the scientific development of healthy lifestyle in adolescents.Methods From November to December 2022,a total of 162 freshman students from a vocational college in Wuxi were selected by random sampling.Based on gender and BMI,the subjects were divided into six groups:underweight,normal weight,and overweight and obese.In January,April,July and October 2023,a MIO smart heart rate wristband,weekly questionnaire and Bouchard physical activity diary were used to track the time of 24 h activity behavior components[physical activity(PA),sedentary activity(SB),moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA)and sleep behavior(SLP)]over one week.Repeated measurement analysis of variance was used to compare the inter group differences in these activity behavior components between male and female students.Results The analysis of variance of repeated measurements showed that there were statistically significant main effects for group(gender)on PA,MVPA,SB,and sleep time(F_(boys)=241.62,253.69,210.66,20.09;F_(girls)=316.36,286.41,277.37,7.68),as well as significant main effects for time(F_(boys)=342.72,234.54,77.77,42.80;F_(girls)=569.74,155.14,95.13,52.67)(P<0.01).Additionally,there was a statistically significant interaction effect between group and time(F_(boys)=16.63,11.25,8.91,4.01;F_(girls)=69.49,10.69,18.22,3.89)(P<0.01).After inspection,the comparison of different BMI at each month showed that PA,MVPA time of male and female students in the normal weight group was longer than that of overweight and obesity group,and SB time in overweight and obesity group were longer than that of normal group,with statistical significances(P<0.05).Except for October in boys and April in girls,where sleep time was longer in the normal weight group,the overweight and obesity group

关 键 词：人体质量指数 运动活动 生长和发育 学生 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R194.3[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学] G804.49[文化科学—运动人体科学] G806[文化科学—体育学]