灾害脆弱性分析在采供血机构风险评估中的应用  

Application of hazard vulnerability analysis on risk assessment in a blood bank

作　　者：张旸 林永桔[1] 陈锦艳[1] 罗伟峰[1] 杨葳[1] 梁华钦[1] ZHANG Yang;LIN Yongju;CHEN Jinyan;LUO Weifeng;YANG Wei;LIANG Huaqin(Guangzhou Blood Center,Guangzhou key Laboratory of Blood Safety,Guangzhou 510095,China)

机构地区：[1]广州血液中心、广州市血液安全重点实验室,广东广州510095

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2024年第10期1180-1184,1212,共6页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：广州市科技计划项目(2023A03J0555);广州市卫生健康科技一般引导项目(20231A011075)。

摘　　要：目的对采供血机构进行灾害脆弱性分析,明确高风险事件,优化应急管理措施。方法以广州血液中心为研究对象,结合实际情况制定改良版Kaiser模型分析调查表,运用风险矩阵法、Borda序值法对风险事件进行排序。结果Kaiser模型中风险排序前5的事件为信息系统突发事件(39.61%)、极端天气(38.03%)、重大舆情(37.86%)、公共卫生事件(37.37%)、政策变化(37.24%);风险矩阵及Borda序值排序评估结果为1项极高风险事件即信息系统突发事件、5项高风险事件且风险最高的为重大舆情、11项中风险事件且风险最高的为重大医疗纠纷、1项低风险事件即外部火灾。结论结合采供血机构的实际情况开展灾害脆弱性分析,可以有效识别高风险事件,为完善突发事件应急管理措施提供理论依据。Objective To conduct hazard vulnerability analysis(HVA)in a blood bank,aimed to identify high-risk events and optimize emergency management measures.Methods The risk event evaluation index system was established by referring to the Kaiser model and the situation of Guangzhou Blood Center,and risk events were ranked by risk matrix and Borda count.Results The top five events with the highest risk values identified by Kaiser model were information system emergencies(39.61%),extreme weather(38.03%),major public sentiment(37.86%),public health events(37.37%)and policy changes(37.24%).The results of risk matrix and Borda count revealed 1 extremely high-risk indicator as information system emergency,5 high-risk indicators with the highest risk being major public sentiment,11 medium-risk indicators with the highest risk being major medical disputes and 1 low-risk indicator as external fires.Conclusion Conducting HVA in combination with the actual situation of blood banks can effectively identify high-risk events and provide theoretical basis for improving emergency management measures.

关 键 词：灾害脆弱性分析 Kaiser 模型 采供血机构 应急管理 风险评估 

分 类 号：R193.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R197.6[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]