智化寺明代彩画绿色颜料的检测、分析与复原  

Detection,Analysis and Restoration of Green Pigments in Ming Dynasty Paintings at Zhihua Temple

作　　者：任明霞 钱威[2] Ren Mingxia;Qian Wei

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学建规学院 [2]北京工业大学建规学院北京市历史建筑保护工程技术研究中心

出　　处：《古建园林技术》2024年第5期32-36,共5页Traditional Chinese Architecture and Gardens

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金面上项目资助(8232006)。

摘　　要：智化寺始建于明正统初年,明清至今经历数次修缮,现存主要建筑的内檐梁枋彩画及天花彩画保存完整,具有典型的明代特点。本文结合文献研究和纹饰分析,选取八处具有代表性的明代彩画,继而分析其绿色颜料的使用情况。借助拉曼光谱仪、X射线荧光光谱仪及透反射偏光显微镜三种技术检测仪器,揭示智化寺明代彩画人工合成氯铜矿的普遍使用现状、氯铜矿与铅白的调合方式及氯铜矿的元素存在类型,同时结合文献与实物推测槐花罩染氯铜矿的可能性,并进行彩画复原实践。Zhihua Temple was built in the early Ming dynasty,and has undergone several renovations since the Ming and Qing Dynasties.The interior beam and square paintings and ceiling paintings of the main surviving buildings are well preserved and have typical Ming Dynasty characteristics.This paper combines documentary research and ornamentation analysis to select eight representative Ming Dynasty paintings and then analyze their use of green pigments.With the help of three technical instruments,namely Raman spectrometer,X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and transmission-reflection polarized light microscope,we reveal the current situation of the widespread use of synthetic chloro-copperite in the Ming Dynasty paintings of Zhihua Temple,the way of blending chloro-copperite with lead white and the type of elemental presence of chloro-copperite,as well as to speculate on the possibility of chloro-copperite in the acacia cover dyeing with literature and objects,and to practice the restoration of paintings.

关 键 词：智化寺 明代彩画 绿色颜料 氯铜矿 罩染 

分 类 号：TU-87[艺术—艺术设计] TU-851[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] K248[历史地理—历史学] K879.4[历史地理—中国史]