基于高阶非厄密物理的磁共振无线电能传输研究进展  

Research progress of magnetic resonance wireless power transfer based on higher-order non-Hermitian physics

作　　者：王利凯 王宇倩 郭志伟[1] 江海涛[1] 李云辉[2] 羊亚平[1] 陈鸿[1] Wang Li-Kai;Wang Yu-Qian;Guo Zhi-Wei;Jiang Hai-Tao;Li Yun-Hui;Yang Ya-Ping;Chen Hong(MOE Key Laboratory of Advanced Micro-structured Materials,School of Physics Sciences and Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 200092,China;School of Electronic and Information Engineering,Tongji University,Shanghai 201804,China)

机构地区：[1]同济大学物理科学与工程学院,教育部先进微结构材料重点实验室,上海200092 [2]同济大学电子与信息工程学院,上海201804

出　　处：《物理学报》2024年第20期112-130,共19页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(批准号:2021YFA1400602,2023YFA1407600);国家自然科学基金(批准号:12004284,12374294);上海市教育发展基金和上海市教育委员会“晨光计划”项目(批准号:21CGA22)资助的课题.

摘　　要：近年来,基于宇称-时间(parity-time,PT)对称的非厄密物理机制在磁谐振式无线电能传输(wireless power transfer,WPT)领域取得了显著进展.非厄密物理不仅有效地解释了当前WPT领域基于电路理论分析的主要实验结果,而且为进一步提升WPT器件的传输效率、距径比、鲁棒性等方面提供了全新的原理支撑.本文主要综述了基于PT对称、高阶PT对称、高阶Anti-PT对称等条件下的高效稳定磁谐振式WPT的研究进展,揭示了非厄密物理在该领域的独特作用机制及重要应用.最后对非厄密物理在WPT领域的应用前景进行了展望.In recent years,wireless power transfer(WPT)leveraging parity-time(PT)symmetry has made significant progress,in terms of enhancing efficiency,transfer distance,and robustness.This paper overviews magnetic resonance WPT systems utilizing ideal,asymmetric,high-order,and anti-PT symmetry.The first section discusses the second-order PT symmetry,evolving from inductive to resonant WPT.Active tuning and nonlinear saturation gain techniques optimize frequency and spontaneously achieve efficient WPT.These methods improve transmission efficiency,especially with the change of dynamic transfer distance.The second section focuses on the third-order PT and anti-PT symmetry.The third-order PT systems maintain a fixed eigenfrequency,making stable energy transfer possible.Generalized PT symmetry harnesses bandgaps for further efficiency.The BIC in asymmetric systems reveals a pure real mode for stable WPT.The anti-PT symmetry’s‘level pinning’maintains stability in dynamic changes.The final section summarizes high-order PT symmetry for long-range WPT.Heterojunction coupling and topologically non-trivial chains enhance efficiency and stability.Examples include long-range WPT via relay coils and directional WPT using asymmetric topological edge states.In summary,this review emphasizes the pivotal role of various forms of PT symmetry in improving the performance and reliability of magnetic resonance WPT systems.By improving transmission efficiency,range,and stability,these symmetries pave the way for wider applications in fields such as smart homes,medical devices,and electric vehicles.The synthesis of current research results provides valuable insights and references for the future development of WPT technology.

关 键 词：无线电能传输 非厄密物理 宇称-时间对称 近场调控及应用 

分 类 号：TM724[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]